22 FOREST PRODUCTS 



KINDS OF PAPER MANUFACTURED 



Generally speaking, there are two classes of paper in common use, as 

 follows: first, papers for recording or printing; and second, papers for 

 mechanical purposes. 



In the first group are found the fine linen ledgers and writing papers, 

 printing paper for books, magazines and general printing purposes and 

 news print used for newspaper. General printing papers require a white 

 paper with filling and sizing material. Some grades of printing papers 

 are given a smooth surface by special calendering instead of by loading 

 with clay and sizing. Newspaper is the cheapest of all paper and 

 mechanical wood pulp forms the greater part of its substance. Writing 

 papers are largely sized papers in the best grades, in which only selected 

 rags are used, though of late, chemical wood pulp is used even in the 

 expensive writing papers, and it may be said that nearly all papers, 

 excepting high-grade ledger, contain wood. 



In the second group are the cardboards, pasteboards, papier-mache, 

 wrapping papers, and blotting and tissue papers and those of the 

 heaviest forms, such as building paper, carpet and wall paper, etc. 



Blotting paper is composed of short-fibered cotton and wood pulp 

 cut fine in the beating engine. This paper is free from sizing of any kind 

 and so is capable of absorbing water or other liquids. It can be dyed 

 to any desired color without impairing its quality. Tissue papers are the 

 thinnest of all papers and are generally made from rags or paper shavings, 

 with varying quantities of wood pulp. Wrapping papers are partly sized 

 papers of coarse material and are largely made from mixtures of sulphite 

 pulp and ground wood, or wholly of sulphate pulp to form kraft paper. 

 Straw, jute and mixtures of hard fibers are also largely employed. Card- 

 board, pasteboard and other heavy forms of paper are generally made 

 from a pulp formed of waste paper, as well as from sugar cane refuse, 

 waste fiber boxes, etc. They are sometimes made by pressing a number 

 of sheets of other paper together in powerful presses, with a suitable 

 agglutinant. Papier-mache is made chiefly from old paper s^ock by 

 boiling to a pulp. It is then mixed with glue and starch paste and pressed 

 into moulds. 



THE REQUIREMENTS OF DESIRABLE PULP WOODS 



The principal requirements which paper manufacturers hold as 

 desirable in woods for making paper pulp are summarized as follows: 

 i. The wood should contain a long, strong and yet soft and tender 



