152 FOREST PRODUCTS 



ij-mile haul; $2.50 for a i^-mile haul and $2.75 for a if-mile haul under 

 average conditions of road, surface, etc. 



The following is a summary of the logging costs on a typical operation 

 in Arkansas. 



Cost per Cord. 

 Road work during operation amounting to $500 which is pro-rated 



among 1756 cords 28 



Felling and bolt making by contract 2 . 50 



Brush disposal including lopping and piling on National Forest 



sales 50 



Bolt haul, including snaking 2.75 



Total cost per cord. $6.03 



The cost of bolts, therefore, stacked on the mill yard in terms of 

 thousand staves and on the basis of 500 staves equaling i cord of bolts 

 would be $12.06 per thousand staves. 



Equivalents. 



Although there is considerable variation in equivalents in this industry, 

 the following are generally accepted. There are 80 to 100 bolts of 34-in. 

 staves in a cord of bolts. A cord of bolts is equivalent to about 850 ft., 

 board measure, bolt scale according to the U. S. Forest Service, scale of 

 Scribner Decimal C. which allows for cull timber. There are 1000 

 staves, 34 to 36 in. long in 2 cords of bolts or in 1700 ft., board measure, 

 of bolts by the Scribner Decimal C. scale. Therefore, 1000 ft., board 

 measure, will produce about 588 staves, 34 to 36 in. long. 



In some localities it is said that it requires eight i8-in. white oaks to 

 average 1000 half-barrel beer staves. 



It requires 1000 ft., board measure, by the Decimal C. scale to pro- 

 duce from 300 to 350 tight barrel heads. 



The average width of the standard stave is recognized as 4^ in. It 

 requires from 18 to 21 standard staves to make a whisky barrel which 

 is 8 1 in. in diameter, outside dimensions. 



On a representative sale involving 412,800 bd. ft. by the Scribner 

 Decimal C. scale on the Arkansas National Forest, the following check 

 of equivalents was determined: The above amount made 502 cords of 

 36-in. bolts and sawed out 256,000 staves, of which 8 per cent or 20,520 

 staves were culls, 48 per cent or 122,710 staves were Bourbon, and 44 

 per cent or 113,270 staves were wines and oils. One cord of bolts, 



