276 



FOREST PRODUCTS 



The top of the tie is the plane farthest from the pith of the tree, whether or not the 

 pith is present in the tie. 



Delivery. 



All ties ought to be delivered to a railroad within one month after being made. 



Ties delivered on the premises of the railroad shall be stacked not less than 10 ft. 

 from the nearest rail of any track at suitable and convenient places; but not at public 

 crossings, nor where they will interfere with the views of trainmen or of people ap- 

 proaching the railroad. Ties should be stacked in alternate layers of two and seven, 

 the bottom layer to consist of two ties kept at least 6 in. above the ground. The 

 second layer shall consist of seven ties laid crosswise of the first layer. When the ties 

 are rectangular, the two outside ties of the layers of seven and the layers of two shall 

 be laid on edge. The ties in layers of two shall be laid at the extreme ends of the ties 

 in the layers of seven. No stack may be more than twelve layers high, and there shall 

 be 5 ft. between stacks to facilitate inspection. Ties may be ranked like cordwood, in 

 which case the owner shall rehandle them while inspection is being made. Ties which 

 have stood on their ends on the ground will be rejected. 



All ties at the owner's risk until accepted. All rejected ties shall be removed within 

 one month after inspection. 



Ties shall be piled as grouped below. Only the kinds of wood named in the same 

 column may be piled together. 



CLASS U TIES WHICH MAY BE USED UNTREATED 



Group Ua. 

 Black Locust 

 White Oaks 

 Black Walnut 



Group Ta. 

 Ashes 

 Hickories 

 Honey Locust 

 Red Oaks 



Group Ub. 

 " Heart " Pines 

 " Heart " Douglas Fir 



Group Uc. 

 " Heart " Cedars 

 " Heart " Cypress 

 Redwood 



CLASS T TIES WHICH SHOULD BE TREATED 



Group Tb. 

 " Sap " Cedars 

 " Sap " Cypress 

 " Sap " Douglas Fir 

 Hemlocks 

 Larches 

 " Sap " Pines 



Group Tc. 

 Beech 

 Birches 

 Cherry 

 Gums 

 Hard Maples 



Group Ud. 

 Catalpa 

 Chestnut 

 Red Mulberry 

 Sassafras 



Group Td. 

 Elms 



Hackberry 

 Soft Maples 

 Spruces 

 Sycamore 

 White Walnut 



Shipment. 



Ties shall be separated in the car according to the above groups and sizes as far as 

 practicable. 



Approved, Washington, D. C., June n, 1918. 



JOHN SKELTON WILLIAMS, 



C. R. GRAY Director of Finance and Purchases. 



Director of Operation. 



The following prices were paid during the winter of 1919 by a prominent eastern 

 railroad for the species as listed: 



