POLES AND PILING 



307 



All poles shall be of sound, live white chestnut, squared at both ends, reasonably 

 straight, well proportioned from butt to top, peeled and knots trimmed to the surface 

 of the pole. 



The dimensions of the poles shall be according to the following table: The " top " 

 measurement being the circumference at the top of the pole, the " butt " cir- 

 cumference being 6 ft. from the butt. The company reserves the right to make its 

 own inspection and reserves the right to reject any poles which are defective hi any 

 respect. The prices set opposite the various dimensions in each class are the approx- 

 imate average prices paid in 1917 for chestnut, loaded on cars, ready for shipment in 

 New York State. (Shown on p. 306.) 



The sweep permissible in the above poles measured at the 6-ft. mark and at the 

 top of the pole is as follows for the different sizes: 



In inspection work, the inspector usually carried the following equip- 

 ment: 



2 75-ft. waterproof tape lines. 



i 5o-ft. steel tape line (used in checking the accuracy of the waterproof 

 tapes). 



1 6-ft. brass safety chain, small size, with key ring or one end for measur- 

 ing poles at 6-ft. mark. 



2 iron prods for examining poles for bad tops, rotten knots, etc. 

 i set of marking hammers. 



i timber scribe for marking poles 6 ft. from butt. 



The following are the specifications adopted by the Western Red 

 Cedar Association for piling. 



STANDARD CEDAR PILING 



All piling must be cut from live, growing cedar timber, peeled, knots trimmed close, 

 butts and tops sawed square. Top must be sound. Butts may contain rot, the 

 average diameter of which is not over 10 per cent of the diameter of the butt. (This 

 rot not to exceed i per cent of the area of the butt.) 



Length. 



All piling shall be furnished in the following lengths: 16 ft., 20 ft., and multiples of 



