SHINGLES AND SHAKES 



357 



types are regulated to make the standard sized shingle having the thick 

 butt and thin tip, and with provision for taking from i to 10 blocks at a 

 time. 



The vertical type consists of a set of stationary circular saws revolving 

 in a vertical plane. A vertical sash frame holds the block and operates 

 with a longitudinal reciprocating motion. Attached to the frame are 

 spur rolls, one above and the other below, which automatically alternate 

 the butt cut from the top to the bottom of the block, with each backward 

 stroke of the frame. This, of course, means a minimum of waste, which 

 runs as low as 10 per cent of the raw material in the most modern mills 

 using the upright machine. 



(4) The jointer or clipper consists of a single or double rip saw, or a 

 wheel jointer. The latter is a rapidly revolving steel wheel carrying 

 from 4 to 8 knives set in radial fashion. The jointer edges or " joints " 

 the shingle, making the two sides parallel and trimming off wane or uneven 

 edges. 



(5) The shingle packer. This consists of a bench frame and two 

 slotted, overhanging steel rods. After the packer or operator places the 

 shingles into the frame the rods are pressed down, packing the shingles 

 tightly together, the thin tips overlapping, while the metal strips are 

 nailed. Foot levers are used to draw the wooden cleats together and 

 hold the shingles tight until the strips are fastened. 



The following table represents the average daily output of the various 

 forms of shingle machines now in use in the Puget Sound region, based 

 on a ten-hour working day: 



OUTPUT OF VARIOUS TYPES OF SHINGLE MACHINES 



The minimum figures of output given in this tabulation would obtain 

 for so-called combination mills where the better class of logs are sawed 

 into lumber, whereas the maximum figures obtain in those mills where 

 both the good and poor timber is run into shingles and where efficient 

 men and methods are used. 



