44 LABOR HEALTH OF ESTABLISHMENT. 



the cubic foot. The officers of divisions should have full 

 control over their timber yards, and indent when necessary 

 upon other timber yards for a supply of any particular tim- 

 ber for which there was a demand. 



CHAPTER VIII. 



LABOR. 



IN Wynaad the axemen are Corurnbers, and very good 

 workmen. They also are very useful for Teak plantations, 

 many are intelligent, and the great advantage of employing 

 them is that they live in the forest all the year round, they 

 fell and square timber with great precision, they can also be 

 trusted in planting out operations ; for cart men, road labor, 

 &c., Canarese are employed. Sawyers are obtained from 

 Mysore and other parts. On the Anamallies, men from Pal- 

 ghaut are employed as axemen, they were very expert in 

 dividing by means of wedges very large trees into planks 

 suitable for dockyard purposes. The Kadirs, a jungle tribe, 

 are useful for building huts, the Mahouts there and in Wy- 

 naad are generally Musselmen, whereas at Nellumbore and 

 those parts, they are almost invariably Punniars, and as the 

 Nellumbore elephants are used without harness, dragging 

 by their teeth, the equipment of a Punniar and his elephant 

 may be said to amount to nil. These Punniars obtain an 

 extraordinary influence over their elephants, and especially 

 the males by a peculiar process. The local labor at Nellum- 

 bore is made up of Malayalums and some Moplahs, there 

 are many trained men amongst them who understand plant- 

 ing and pruning. 



CHAPTER IX. 



HEALTH OP ESTABLISHMENT. 



'Tins most important point deserves careful consideration, 

 for on it depends whether your forest can be worked or not to 

 and profit. Where there is a fixed shitY employed 



