PINE. 207 



without shade. It is one of the first evergreens to start on the 

 abandoned dry pine land in some sections of this state. 



Properties of Wood. Light, soft, not strong, resinous; light 

 yellowish brown in color with thick whitish sapwood. Specific 

 gravity, 0.4761 ; weight of a cubic foot, 29.67 pounds. 



Uses. The Jack Pine is not a pretty tree, and is seldom used 

 in ornamental planting. It is, however, the hardiest native ever- 

 green tree we have and is especially adapted to dry, loose soil, 

 where it has a wondrous power of withstanding drouth. It is of 

 rapid growth when young, which, together with its great hardi- 

 ness, has led to its being planted on some of the sandiest dry 

 lands of the West. In the timbered portion of Minnesota it often 

 acts as a nurse tree for the Red Pine, but too often is liable to 

 crowd it out. The larger trees are generally sawed into lumber 

 and pass as Red Pine, but they seldom attain a size large enough 

 to be profitably used for this purpose, but much of it is used for 

 fencing, farm buildings, railroad ties and as fuel. 



Pinus ponderosa scopulorum. Rock Pine. Bull Pine. 

 Heavy-wooded Pine. Western Yellow Pine. 



Leaves three to six inches long, rigid, generally in threes, 

 but occasionally in twos, falling during third and fourth seasons. 

 Cones two to three inches long, grayish, with stout prickles. 

 Tree 80 to 100 feet high. The species, Pinus ponderosa, of which 

 this is an important variety, is the most magnificent and widely 

 spread of Western Pines, attaining a height of 200 to 300 feet 

 and a thickness of twelve to fifteen feet, and having much larger 

 cones and longer needles than this variety. 



Distribution. The Rock Pine is found throughout the Rocky 

 Mountain region. It inhabits even the dry sand hills of West- 

 ern Nebraska and Montana, and is perhaps the hardiest Western 

 Pine. 



Propagation. By seeds, which are large, easily obtained, and 

 grow with the greatest certainty if given ordinary treatment. 



Properties of Wood. The wood varies greatly in quality and 

 value. It is heavy, hard, strong, brittle and compact, neither 

 coarse grained nor durable; color, light red, with very thick 

 light colored sapwood. Specific gravity, 0.4619; weight of a 

 cubic foot, 28.78 pounds. 



