GLOSSARY. 379 



Baummcsscr. An instrument for measuring the height of the 

 trees, height and diameter at any part on the stem of a 

 standing tree. 



Berry. Botanically a fleshy fruit, (e. g. Grape, Currant.) 

 Commonly applied to many kinds of fruits, (e. g. Straw- 

 berry, Mulberry.) 



Blade of a leaf. The expanded portion; the wings. 



Blight. The dying without apparent cause of the tenderer parts 

 of plants. 



Board-foot. The unit of board measure; equivalent to a board 

 12 in. x 12 in. x I in. One cubic foot is considered as 

 equivalent to ten board feet, allowing for waste in working. 



B. M. Abbreviation for board measure, (q. v.) 



Board-measure. (B. M.) The system used by lumbermen in 

 which the board-foot (q. v.) is the unit. 



Bract. A much reduced leaf. 



Broad-leaved trees. Applies to trees whose leaves have a broad 

 flat surface, unlike the needle or awl-shaped leaves of the 

 conifers. 



Budding. The operation and process of inserting a bud with the 

 intention that it shall grow. 



Bud-division. A term including all methods of propagation ex- 

 cept by seed. (e. g. Grafting, Layering, etc.) 



Bud-variety. A strange variety or form appearing without obvi- 

 ous cause upon a plant or in cuttings or layers; a sport. 

 A bud-variety springs from a bud in distinction from a 

 seed-variety, which springs from a seed. 



Callus. The new and protruding tissue which forms over a 

 wound as over the end of a cutting. 



Calyx, Outer circle of perianth, generally inconspicuous. 



Cambium. In trees and shrubs, the layer of new growing tissue 

 between the bark and wood. 



Cants. A term used in mills to designate the pieces cut from the 

 sides of a log and which are to be again cut into quarter- 

 sawed lumber. It is sometimes also applied to the squared 

 centerpiece of the log. 



Carbon dioxide. A gas composed of one part of carbon to two 

 parts of oxygen; carbonic acid gas. 



Carpel. A simple pistil, or one of the divisions of a compound 

 pistil. 



