V. 



FACIE8, FAUNISTIC CHARACTERS AND RELATIONS 

 TO OTHER JURA FAUNAS. 



In his sketch of the geology of Franz Josef Land, Dr. Kcettlitz 1 demon- 

 strated frequent changes in the petrographic facies of the strata composing 

 the Jura in the south of the Archipelago. Littoral and estuarine deposits al- 

 ternate with beds of marine character: the southern part of the archipelago 

 (especially Northbrook Island) must have belonged to a Jurassic coast region. 



The examination of the material collected by Prof. Nansen confirms the 

 statement regarding frequent change in the petrographic and faunistic charac- 

 ters, in the Jura region of Cape Flora. 



The hard, sandy marls with the very numerous remains of Lamellibran- 

 chiata in the (Lower) Bajocian, represent the deposits of a littoral region or 

 of a shallow sea near the coast. In the same way, the beds of clay sand- 

 stone of the Middle Callovian with Cadoceras Nanseni n. sp. and numerous 

 Lamellibranchs may be interpreted as typical littoral deposits. The formation 

 of the Lower, and of a part of the Middle and Upper Callovian in the shape 

 of clayey and marly sediments, shows a less typical littoral character. But 

 in the formation of these layers also, terrigene materials have a share. If 

 we cannot directly declare the littoral region itself to have deposited these 

 strata, yet we can imagine them to have been formed in shallow water, and 

 indeed, at no great distance from the shore, as is proved by the traces, how- 

 ever indistinct, of vegetation in the stone marls of the Middle Callovian and 

 by the occurrence of phosphatic nodules in the Lower Callovian. 



1 The Geographical Journal, London, 1898, vol. XI. p. 33. 



