142 POMPECKJ. JURASSIC FAUNA OF CAPE FLORA. [NORW. POL. EXP. 



of latitude. Its most northerly occurrence hitherto known, at Cape Stewart 

 in East Greenland, was in 70 25' N. Lat. 



The frequent change of facies, together with the character of the fauna, 

 gives to the Callovian of Cape Flora partly a littoral, partly a shallow-water 

 character. For some time at least in the Middle Callovian, continents - 

 coast regions must have existed near the marine region of the Callovian 

 of Cape Flora. The very close faunistic affinity of our Callovian to the Rus- 

 sian necessitates a marine connection of our Callovian with that of Northern 

 Russia, especially that of the Petchora basin. Hence, as also from the facies 

 character, we conclude that in the Callovian period, the south-west part of 

 the present Franz Josef Land has been covered by the sea, i. e. by a 

 branch of the Russian Callovian sea. 



Nor was Novaja Semlja in the Callovian period yet covered by the sea. 

 Most probably the whole of Spitzbergen also projected from the Callovian 

 sea; for the Amm. triplicatus Sow. from Spitzbergen, described by Lind- 

 strom 1 , does not permit of the conclusion that this Ammonite might agree 

 with the typical species of the Callovian: Perisphinctes funatus Opp. sp. 

 = Amm. triplicatus Quenst. Fraas 2 also mentions an Amm. triplicatm 

 from Spitzbergen, adding that it might also be called by the name of any 

 Perisphinctes. I was able to examine the original of Fraas 3 . It is' the 

 impression of the inner whorls of a large Cardioceras, and not of a Peri- 

 sphinctes. According to all that is known concerning it, the marine Jura of 

 Spitzbergen begins, at the earliest, with the Upper Oxfordian. 



From the above, we may imagine the connection of the Callovian of 

 Cape Flora with that of Northern Russia to be like a continuation north- 

 wards of the Russian Callovian sea of the Petchora basin, in the form of a 

 broad bay, which stretched between the lands of Spitzbergen and Novaja 

 Semlja, and was partly bounded on the north by land, in the region of the 

 present Franz Josef Land. 



We do not know whether Spitzbergen was yet united to the Scandinavian- 

 Finnish peninsula in the Callovian period. This peninsula, after the Batho- 



1 G. Lindstrfim, 'Om Trias- och Juraffirsteningar fran Spetsbergen', K. Svcnsk. Vet. Ak. 



Hand!., vol. 6, No. 6, 1865, p. 10, pi. Ill, figs. 1, 2. 

 3 Neues .Tahrbuch fiir Mineralogie, etc. 1872, p. 203. 

 ' Prof. Eb. Fraas of Stuttgart bad the kindness to allow me to examine the material 



studied by his father. I take this opportunity of tendering him my warmest thanks. 



