498 NOTES OF A BOTANIST CHAP. 



Pastasa, below the mouth of the Patate, for eight 

 months, we came successively on six small fumaroli, 

 from which a stream of thin smoke is constantly 

 issuing. People who live on the opposite side of 

 the valley assert that they sometimes see flame 

 hovering over these holes by night. The inhabit- 

 ants of the existing farm of Juivi complain to me 

 that they have been several times alarmed of late 

 (especially during the months of October and 

 November 1859) by the mountain " bramando " 

 (roaring) at night. The volcano is plainly, there- 

 fore, only dormant, not extinct, and both Tungu- 

 ragua and the Llanganatis may any day resume 

 their activity. 



[Here follows a rather elaborate description of the 

 various rivers and their tributaries as shown on the 

 map, which, being of little interest to the general 

 reader, are omitted. Of the map generally, Spruce 

 makes the following observation : 



As the great mineral districts of Llanganati, 

 occupying the northern half of the map, was 

 repeatedly travelled over by Guzman himself, it is 

 fuller of minute detail than the rest ; and I am 

 assured by those who have visited the actual 

 localities that not one of them is misplaced on the 

 map ; but the southern portion is much dislocated ; 

 and, as I have traversed the whole of it, I will 

 proceed to make some remarks and corrections on 

 this part of the map. 



[As these corrections are accessible to all specially 

 interested, and will no doubt be made use of in 

 compiling future maps of Ecuador, I omit these 

 also, and pass on to a description of the map itself, 

 and to the remarkable document which it illustrates.] 



