HIDDEN TREASURE 511 



of a quarrel which broke out among the miners 

 themselves and resulted in the death of one of 

 them. In the other, the river (the Lliquino) rose 

 suddenly on them by night and carried off their 

 canoes (in which a quantity of roughly-washed gold 

 was heaped up), besides the Long Tom and all their 

 other implements. 



I close this memoir by an explanation of the 

 Ouichua terms which occur most frequently on the 

 map. 



Spanish authors use the vowels it and o almost indiscriminately 

 in writing Quichua names, although the latter sound does not 

 exist in that language ; and in some words which have become 

 grafted on the Spanish, as spoken in Peru and Ecuador, the o has 

 supplanted the it not only in the orthography but in the actual 

 pronunciation, as, for instance, in Pongo and Cocha, although the 

 Indians still say "Chimbu-rasu," and not "Chimborazo " "Cutu- 

 pacsi " or "Cutu-pagsi," and not "Cotopaxi." The sound of the 

 English w is indicated in Spanish by gu or //// ; that of the French 

 j does not exist in Spanish, and is represented by //, whose 

 sound is somewhat similar; thus "Lligua" is pronounced "Jiwa." 

 " Llanganati" is now pronounced with the Spanish sound of the 

 //, but whether this be the original mode is doubtful. An un- 

 accented terminal e (as in Spanish "verde") is exceedingly rare in 

 Indian languages, and has mostly been incorrectly used for a 

 short /; thus, if we wish to represent the exact pronunciation, we 

 should write "Casiquiari," "Ucayali," and " Llanganati " not 

 Casiquiare, Ucayale, Llanganate. 



"Llanganati" may come from "llanga," to touch, because the 

 group of mountains called by that name touches on the sources of 

 the rivers all round ; thus, on (In/man's map, we find "Llanganatis 

 del Rio Verde "" Llanganatis del Topo " "Llanganatis del 

 Curaray," for those suctions of the group which respectively touch 

 on the Rio Verde, the Topo, and the Curaray. The following are 

 examples of the mode of using the verb "llanga." " Ama llan- 

 gaiclm !" -"'Touch it not!" "Imap;ig llanca"ngui ? " -"Why do 

 you touch it"; or " Pitag llancaynirca ? " -"Who told you to 

 touch it?" And the answer might be " Llancanatag chari c;irca 

 ]lancarc;im." "[Thinking] it might be touched, I touched it/' 



It is to be noted that the frequent use of the letter^, in place 

 of c, is a provincialism of the Ouitonian Andes, where (for 

 instance) they mostly say "Inga" instead of "Inc;i." But in 



