862 



GLEANINGS IN BEE CULTURE 



sis. It was curious to see how the disease 

 picked out those queens which had inherited 

 the constitutional weakness which made 

 them susceptible to its attack. I made no 

 attempt to cure them. One was killed right 

 out; three others were badly attacked, but 

 recovered; one was not attacked. None of 

 the colonies headed by the daughters of the 

 immune queen were attacked. 



In 1913 I reared ten queens from a queen 

 I wished to test. I knew nothing of her 

 antecedents, but she had i:)roved herself a 

 good queen and had not shown signs of 

 paralysis. There were 56 colonies in this 

 out-apiary. The rest were requeened from 

 one of my breeders. Paralysis attacked this 

 queen's colony and seven of her daughters, 

 but not one of the colonies a'equeened from 

 my breeder. I keep a very careful record 

 of my breeders so that I can look up my 

 record-book and know what any queen's 

 antecedents did. The quickest way I know 

 to cure paralysis is to unite a nucleus with 

 a young queen, known to be of immune 

 stock, to the sick hive. The bees of the 

 nucleus will, as a rule, kill and throw out all 

 diseased bees, and the colony will be cured 

 in about a fortnight. I once had a queenless 

 and broodless colony attacked by paralj'sis. 

 I gave the bees a queen and brood at the 

 same time: and as soon as the brood hatch- 

 ed, and the young bees had taken the place 

 of the old bees, paralysis disappeared. 



From my experience I think that paraly- 

 sis is transmitted from bee to bee so that, 

 when a colony swarms that has paralysis, 

 only the healthy bees go with the swarm, so 

 they start fresh and keep well. I have not 

 found that it makes any difference whether 

 the colony remains without brood for any 

 length of time or not ; for when I treat a 

 case I kill the old queen and introduce the 

 new queen at once. If the colony is very 

 weak I give combs of hatching brood. 



Mr. Stapleton will tind that, if he con- 

 tinues his observations for a sufficient length 

 of time, queens whose colonies have been 

 once attacked are very liable to a second 

 attack. After a beeyard is entirely cured 

 for three months, it is expensive to have to 

 cure it again if the beekeepei-'s time is 

 worth any thing. Prevention is better and 

 cheaper than cure. Choose immune bees by 

 selecting and breeding from queens whose 

 bees are not attacked; and by continuing 

 this process over a number of years the 

 bees, for all practical purposes, will be 

 immune to the disease. Never breed from 

 a queen if her bees have been attacked by 

 paialysis, no matter how good she may be 

 in other respects. 



Government Farm School, Jamaica, Oct. 

 31. 



CONVERSATIONS WITH DOOLITTLE 



Continued from page 842. 



side, which will be six inches beyond each 

 center of each. 



Let us now see how it works. The first 

 glint of morning sunshine reaches the hive 

 just the same as it does the hive with no 

 covering, inviting the bees to the earliest 

 activity, while the workers keep right on at 

 night till the last rays are hid behind the 

 western horizon, thus giving the early and 

 late flight which both the editor and Dr. 

 Miller agiee upon. This gives a start and 

 a warmth at all times, looking toward the 

 prosperity of the colony, as no other can. 

 At about 8 :30 A. M. the hive goes into the 

 shade, through the projection of the shade- 

 board, and stays thus till about 3 :30 p. m., 

 when the sun again warms the hive, helping 

 to carry out early brood-rearing, and not 

 interfering with the labors of the colony in 

 hot weather. 



Binding Gleanings 



Having' had occasion lately to bind several volumes 

 of Gleanings and other bee-papers, I thought it 

 might te found useful to others if I told how it was 

 done. The plan may not be perfect, but it is certainly 

 a cheap and simple way of preserving journals for 

 future reference. 



After arranging the numbers for the year in con- 

 secutive order, commencing with .January and end- 

 ing with the index, the covers and advertisement 

 pages were removed. Next the edges were placed 

 evenly together, and the whole lot then securely 

 clamped between two boards, of which the top one 

 was about V4 inch from the back ed'^es. Three thin 

 oval nails, two inches long, were driven through the 

 papers, level with the edge of the top tToard, to make 

 the necessary holes. The bottom board is then shifted 

 back a little, and the first nail withdrawn with a 

 pair of pliers. 



A length of waxed twine was next threaded 

 through the hole, cut round QUtside, pushed through 

 again, and securely fastened. After drawing the 

 nails the two other holes were treated in a like 

 manner, thus holding the papers tightly lugether. 

 The ba( k now receives a thick coating of glue, and 

 likewise a strip of calico wide enough to fold around 

 each side for about half an inch when in position. 

 A heavy weight placed on keeps the journals fiat 

 until the glue has, dried. 



For cover.s, a couple of stout cards the correct 

 size, and a piece of glazed linen, are all that is nec- 

 essary. A space wide enough to admit the back of 

 the papers must be left between the cards, to which 

 the green linen is now glued. To fix the cover on, 

 it is merely glued to the back and allowed to set. 



Although neat in appearance, card covers are not 

 al solutely necessary; but when dispensed with, a 

 front and back page of Gleanings with one of the 

 fine photographs may be pasted on instead. 



A. H. BOWEN. 



When I first read Gleanings four years ago I 

 was surprised to run across Our Homes in an api- 

 cultural paper. Since then I have seen the Farm 

 Journal and Succeasfid Farming, both of which not 

 only guarantee advertisements, but also acknowledge 

 the fact that there is One who is to be tlianked for 

 all the blessings we enjoy. 



St. Paul, Minn. H. G. Brant. 



