40 ORDINARY RIDING. 



sufficiently great number of times, his only idea will be to 

 stop. As the whip follows him all round the track of the 

 school and allows him rest only at the centre, he finishes by 

 coming to it, in the same manner as he learned when being 

 lunged. In order to facilitate this movement on his part, the 

 breaker ought to seize the moment when the horse appears 

 inclined to slacken his speed, to make him come away from 

 the wall, by showing him the whip in front, and at the same 

 time calling out "whoa!" which, from his lunging work, he 

 will have learned to regard as an order to come up to his 

 breaker. 



If the horse refuses to come up and remains at the wall, we 

 should again follow him up, so as to bring him to the centre, 

 and should continue to do so until he obeys. 



I may add that the breaker, by keeping himself out of 

 reach of kicks and blows with the fore feet, will make his 

 authority felt at a distance, and the horse will learn to obey 

 without being provoked into resistance. 



I am not a believer in the caveson, except for really vicious 

 horses. If it is used, it should be light and well stuffed. 



Having obtained the foregoing important result, I will pass 

 on to " close " work. 



CLOSE WORK ; ADVANCING. 



Having given up lunging, I take hold of the snaffle reins, 

 after having passed them over the animal's head. I replace 

 the driving whip by a cutting whip, which I use along with 

 the snaffle in the same way as I employed the lunging rein 

 and driving whip. 



Having the horse with his right side parallel to the wall of 

 the school, I place myself close to his left shoulder and take 

 hold of the whip and the end of the snaffle reins with the left 

 hand. It goes without saying, that the re\crse aids are used 

 \\hen going round the other wa}\ I conceal the ^^•h^p from 



