112 ORDINARY RIDING. 



that no horse will resist these indications, if they are gently 

 employed. 



I use the near snaffle rein according to the amount of 

 resistance which the horse often makes at first. I draw the 

 head a little more to the left, while continuing to touch the 

 animal's side with the heel and whip if the resistance is great. 

 The horse is forced to yield to these three forces acting on 

 the same side. 



As soon as the horse takes a step to the right, I stop him 

 and pat him on the neck. I then let him go quietly round 

 the school, in order that he may think over what he has just 

 done. It is most important always to let a horse be free and 

 quiet after he has obeyed. A horse will accept this as a 

 reward, which we should not be chary in giving him. Stop- 

 page of work and pats on the neck are the only means to 

 make him understand that he has done well. We are so often 

 obliged to have recourse to punishment during breaking, that 

 we ought to eagerly seize the opportunity of patting him on 

 the neck, when he shows the slightest sign of obedience. The 

 more we pat him on the neck, the less will we be forced to 

 f)unish him.* 



As I have just said, by letting the horse walk at ease for a 

 few moments, we give him time to understand the movement 

 which he has just done and the indications which cause him 

 to do it. Apparently the horse yields only physically, but in 

 reality it is his intelligence, or, to speak more correctly, his 

 memory to which we appeal. We must therefore work on his 

 memory, and for that reason I allow him the necessary time 

 to permanently remember this fact. 



Having let the horse go quietly round the school, I do the 



* The greal art in breaking is to reward and punish in an appropriate manner 

 in order to do which we must seize the exact moment of obedience or resistance. 

 Here we must bear in mind the fundamental principle of breaking, namely, that 

 reward should follow obedience as quickly as punishment follows disobedience. 



