A HISTORY OF NORTHAMPTONSHIRE 



In accordance with an Act of Parliament passed in 

 1723, upon the marriage of his elder daughter Isabella 

 with the second Duke of Manchester, his entailed 

 estates including Barnwell St. Andrew should have 

 been divided between his two daughters and coheirs, 

 Isabella Dowager Duchess of Manchester, then the 

 wife of Edward Hussey, and Mary, who in 1730 

 had married George Brudenell, Earl of Cardigan.^' 

 Each sister had an only son named John. The late 

 Duke had directed that this part of his inheritance 

 should be kept undivided and pass to his daughter 

 Mary and her issue, who were to pay to the Dowager 

 Duchess and her issue a moiety of the rents and 

 profits.'" This arrangement was continued until the 

 death of the latest survivor of the four, Edward 

 Hussey-Montagu, Earl of Beaulieu, in 1802.''* Mary 

 the younger of the two sisters died in 1775, having 

 survived her son five years, and in the following year 

 her husband, who had borne the titles of Marquis 

 of Monthermer and Duke of Montagu since 1766,^' 

 held a moiety of Barnwell St. Andrew in conjunction 

 with their only surviving child Elizabeth and her 

 husband Henry Scott, Duke of Buccleuch.^" 



The manor then passed with the Buccleuch title 

 until 1 91 3, when the present Duke sold it to Horace 

 Czarnikow, who in 1920 sold the castle to Mrs. 

 Baiiibridge, now Mrs. W. H. McGrath." 



In 1086 there were two mills rendering 24J. in 

 Barnwell St. Andrew.^- A grant of two weekly markets, 

 on Monday and Friday, and a fair on the vigil of St. 

 Michael and the si.x days following was made to 

 Berengar le Moyne in 1270.^^ This grant was 

 renewed to tho Abbot of Ramsey eight years later, 

 when the market was to be held on Wednesdays only 

 but the fair was to remain as before.^* These 

 privileges were disputed by the Abbot of Peterborough 

 in 1279 on the ground of the harm suffered therefrom 

 by his market at Oundle. A compromise was effected. 

 Market, pillory and tumbrel at Barnwell St. .\ndrew 

 were discontinued ^^ and the men of Ramsey Abbey 

 in that parish were appointed to come before the 

 Peterborough bailiffs twice a year for view of frank- 

 pledge, the bailiff of Ramsey Abbey being allowed to 

 sit with the others and receive half the fines or profits 

 from the Abbot of Ramsey's villeins, but to exercise 

 no other jurisdiction.^' A custom called ' physsilver ' 

 or ' phisshesilver ' was paid to the lord of this manor 

 in the 13th century." 



The Church of ST. AXDRFJf consists 

 CHURCH of chancel 27 ft. by 16 ft. 3 in. with north 

 vestry and organ chamber, clearstoried 

 nave 47 ft. by 18 ft. 6 in., north and south aisles, south 

 porch,^ and west tower 7 ft. 6 in. square surmounted 

 by a broach spire. All these measurements are 

 internal. 



No part of the building is older than the 13th 

 century, to which period the main portion belongs, and 



the plan remained unaltered until 1873, when the 

 organ chamber was added in the re-intrant angle of 

 the north aisle and chancel.^' The original work 

 began m the usual way at the east end about 1 250, 

 and progressed westward to the tower, the upper part 

 of which, with the clearstory, is in the geometrical 

 style of about 1290. It is not unlikely, however, 

 that the building proceeded without serious interrup- 

 tion over a number of years, covering more or less 

 the latter half of the 13th century, though the 

 architectural detail of the chancel arch, nave arcades, 

 south doorway, porch, and lower part of the tower 

 is of the earlier type. The north doorway and the 

 windows of the aisles are 14th century insertions, 

 and in the 15th century the chancel was largely 

 reconstructed, new windows being inserted and the 

 upper part of the walls rebuilt. 



The church is built throughout of rubble with 

 ashlar dressings and has plain parapets and low-pitched 

 lead roofs. The chancel is without buttresses and 

 has an original string course below the sill level and 

 a I3tli century moulded priest's doorway with 

 rounded arch on jamb shafts with moulded capitals 

 and bases. The 15th century east window is of 

 five cinquefoiled lights with four-centered head and 

 transom at mid-height, but the mullions and tracery 

 are modern (1851). The two-light window at the 

 eastern end of the north wall was originally farther 

 west, but was moved to its present position when the 

 organ chamber was built. In the south wall are two 

 15th century windows, the easternmost, high up in 

 the wall, of three cinquefoiled lights and Perpendicular 

 tracery, and the other of two lights. The north 

 wall is open at its west end by a modern arch to the 

 organ chamber, and the roof is a modern one of three 

 bays. The double sedilia, under the easternmost 

 south window, belong to the 15 th century recon- 

 struction and have crocleted ogee canopied arches ; 

 the seats are level. The piscina is modern, or a 

 restoration. The chancel arch is of two chamfered 

 orders supported by corbelled shafts with richly 

 moulded capitals. 



The 13th century nave arcades consist of three 

 pointed arches of two chamfered orders springing 

 from piers composed of four fiUetted shafts with 

 moulded capitals and bases, except at the west end 

 on the north side, where there is a plain circular 

 pier with more simply moulded capital and chamfered 

 base. The responds follow the design of the shafted 

 piers.*" The rood-loft doorway remains in position 

 over the easternmost arch of the south arcade and 

 part of the stairs at the end of the aisle. The 

 clearstory has three pointed windows on each side, 

 of two grouped lancets with quatrefoil in the head 

 under a containing arch, and the parapet is carried 

 on an original corbel table. At the east end of the 

 south aisle is a trefoilcd lancet, on either side of which 



«• P.C.C. us Lille J Complete Peerage 

 (New Ed.) ii, 58; iii, H-'S- 



«' P.C.C. Z55 Li«le. 



«' Complete Peerage (New Ed.), ii, 58. 



" Ibid, iii, 14. 



'" Feet of F. Northanti, Eait. 16 Geo. 

 Ill ; Complete Peerage (New Ed.), ii, 

 369. 



" Inf. from Rev. W. W. Baillie. 



»« V.C.II. Norihanit, i, 319. 



•> Cal. Chart, 1257-1300, p. 136. 



" Ibid. p. 107. 



'^ The Commissioner* of 1276 who 

 accused Berengar le Moyne indiscrimin- 

 ately of building a castle and holding 

 market, fair and assize of bread and ale, 

 all without warrant, did not mention 

 pillory and tumbrel. Rot. Uund. (Rec. 

 Com.) ii, 7. 



" Chron Pelrob. (Camden Soc.) 31-33. 



»' Cariul. Men. de Ramet (Rolls Ser.), 

 i, 52; iii, 316-17. 



'• The north aisle is 10 ft. 6 in. wide, 

 and the south aisle differs in width from 



7+ 



9 ft. It in. at the cast end to lo ft. 3 in. 

 at the west. The porch i» 10 ft. 6 in, by 

 9 ft. 6 in. 



*• It was built originally as a chapel to 

 contain the monument of Nicholas 

 Latham, and was known as the Latham 

 Chapel. 



*" There is a measured drawing of the 

 Routh arcade, with details, in Sharpens 

 Chi. of the Nene f'tiUry, plate 47. 'I"hc 

 height of the piers, to top of capital, ii 

 7 ft. 9 in. 



