INDUSTRIES 



to prove the coals and local ironstone deposits 

 lying below the Main Coal or Brockwell Seam. 

 The Longwall method of working was adopted 

 at Seaton Colliery. 



1854. — Boring operations from surface were 

 in progress on Tursdale estate, proving the Busty 

 Seam. 



Woodhouse Close Colliery (otherwise called 

 Tindale Colliery) in the township of St. Helen's, 

 Auckland, was sunk from the surface to the Yard 

 Seam. 



Boring operations were in progress in Bearpark 

 Royalty, near Witton Gilbert, on the Brancepeth 

 estate, and at Ryhope to prove the thickness of 

 the Magnesian Limestone. 



The New Hunwick shaft belonging to Mr. 

 Par was sunk. 



1855. — Boring operations from the surface 

 were in progress at Shildon, near Durham, on 

 Sir George Musgrave's estate. 



Commenced to sink the Oakenshaw Colliery 

 for Messrs. Straker and Love ; the shaft was put 

 down from the surface through the Hutton to the 

 Brockwell Seam. 



Commenced on 25 November to sink the 

 C Pit, Whitwell Colliery ; reached the Main 

 Coal Seam on 26 December, 1855, and Low 

 Main Seam on 24 March, 1856. 



1856. — Boring operations in progress at Green- 

 head, near Burnhope. 



Etherley Dene {alias Dabble Ducks) Engine 

 Pit was sunk. 



Belmont Colliery commenced to sink below 

 the Hutton Seam on 4 August. 



Boring operations were commenced at bottom 

 of Vale Pit^ Cassop Colliery, to prove the Hutton 

 and Harvey Seams, and were in progress near 

 Long Acre Farm, Ravensworth estate, to prove 

 the Low Main Seam. 



A new pit was sunk at Kelloe and put down 

 to the Main Coal Seam. 



A sinking was put down from the thill of the 

 Hutton Seam at the B Pit, Oxclose Colliery, to 

 the supposed Brockwell Seam, and a boring con- 

 tinued by G. Stott. 



Peases West Brandon Colliery was sunk in 

 October. 



1857. — Sunk the Mary (or Second) Pit at 

 Peases West Brandon Colliery from the surface 

 to the Main Coal Seam. 



Boring operations from the surface were in 

 progress in vicinity of Woodhouse Close Colliery 

 by Mr. William Coulson ; on Bishop Close Farm, 

 Old Park; in Sir C. J. Smythe's Royalty, Brandon; 

 at Biggin ; at Hett, and at Belmont Colliery. 



A 6 ft. staple was put down from the surface 

 to the Hutton Seam at Handen Hold, West 

 Pelton Colliery. 



The Ripley Engine shaft was sunk through 

 the Great Limestone down to the Quarry Hazel. 



Commenced on 19 November to sink the 

 Lyon's Winning at Hetton-le-Hole to work the 

 Main Coal and upper Seams. 



A new winning was sunk at Brandon from the 

 surface to the Hutton Seam. A boring was also 

 continued below down to the Brancepeth Seam. 



Commenced to sink the Margaret Upcast 

 Pit, Newbottle Colliery, a few fathoms lower, 

 13 February, and then put down a boring to 

 prove the lower coals. 



Sinking was begun at No. 2 or Upcast Pit, 

 North Hetton Colliery, by William Coulson, 

 23 March ; the Hutton Seam was reached and 

 sinking finished on 29 January, 1858. 



A boring was put down from the thill of the 

 Busty Seam at Pelton Colliery, proving the 

 Brockwell and lower seams. 



Commenced to sink the Lyon's Winning, 

 Newton Cap Colliery, from the surface to the 

 Brockwell Seam, 19 November. 



Boring operations were commenced at Rowley 

 Gillet in the township of Esh. 



In August, the Josephine Pit, Stanley Colliery, 

 near Crook, was commenced and put down to 

 the Brockwell Seam. 



Etherley Dene No. 2 shaft was sunk from 

 the surface to the Main Coal. 



1858. — Sunk a staple in the Engine Pit, St. 

 Helen's, Auckland, Colliery, below the thill of 

 the Brockwell Seam. 



Boring operations were in progress at Spenny- 

 moor. 



South Engine Pit, Elvet Landsale Pit, near 

 Durham City, was sunk from the surface to the 

 Hutton Seam. 



Rough Lea Colliery, in the township of Hun- 

 wick, was sunk from the surface to the Brock- 

 well Seam. 



1859. — The Kettledrum Pit, West Stanley 

 Colliery, was sunk from the surface to the Hutton 

 Seam. 



The North and West Pits, Ryhope Colliery, 

 were being sunk, coals first drawn on 7 February, 

 i860. Shafts were put down to the Hutton 

 Seam. 



Commenced to sink Barrington Pit, Newton 

 Cap Colliery, from the surface to the Brockwell 

 Seam, 21 October. 



Bishop Close Pit sunk from the surface to the 

 Main Coal Seam. 



A bore-hole was put down out of the Busty 

 Bank Seam, East Tanfield Colliery, to prove the 

 Brockwell Seam. 



Tursdale Colliery was sunk from the surface 

 to the Busty Seam. Staple and Wolf Pit were 

 sunk below the Busty to the Brockwell Seam. 



Witton Pit, Charlaw Colliery, was sunk from 

 the surface to the Hutton Seam. 



The Stockton and Darlington Railway Com- 

 pany sunk a pit at Water House, Soho, Shildon, 

 proving four seams of coal. 



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