A HISTORY OF SlJFFOLK 



I. HYDROZOA {cimf.) 



I. Hydroid Zoophytes (cent.) 



Sertularta abietina, Linn. Collected by Mr Hope 

 near Harwich 



— argentea, Ellis & Sol. Found near Harwich 



by Mr. Hope 



Hydrallmama fakata, Linn. Collected near Har- 

 wich by Mr. Hope 



Antennularia antennina, Linn. Found near Harwich 

 by Mr. Hope 



Plumularia setacea, Ellis. Specimens bearing 

 gonophores occur in the Orwell near Fin- 

 miU 



— echinulata, Lamarck. Specimens taken by 



Mr. Hope in June and October bear gono- 

 phores 



2. Medusae 



{a) Hydromeditsa 



I have obtained a number of specimens by means 

 of a tow net, and in sievings of the water; 

 they were not well preserved for indenti- 

 fication, but appeared to be some species of 

 Phialidium. Probably many others could be 

 obtained if specially looked for 



(^) Discomedusa 



Chrysaora isosceles, Linn. I have collected more of 

 this in Harwich Harbour than elsewhere. 

 In 1 899 I saw an unusually large one at 

 Felixstowe, estimated to have a disc a foot 

 in diameter, and tentacles five or six feet 

 long 



Cyanea capUlata, Linn. For some years I have 

 seen considerable numbers in Harwich 

 Harbour, in the Orwell, and in the Aide at 

 Orford. They were chiefly of a creamy 

 white, or of a more or less brown orange 

 colour. The amount of solid matter in 

 these animals is surprisingly small. One 

 from which the salt was removed by keep- 

 ing in dilute formalin was found to contain 

 at least 99 J per cent, of water 



— lamarckii, Peron & Les. This beautiful blue 



purple medusa is usually rare, but in Sep- 

 tember 1 884. was fairly common in the Aide 

 near Shingle Street, and possibly I once 

 jaw it in the Orwell 



In 1 884 1 obtained a medusa in the Orwell, 

 of which I made a coloured drawing, which 

 differed from any of the above species of 

 Cyanea in having the lower appendages of a 

 fine brown colour, but the drawing is not 

 sufficiently detailed to identify the species 



I. HYDROZOA {com.) 



2. Medusae {cent.) 

 {b) Discomedusa (cont.) 



Jurfiia aurita, Linn. This is by far the most 

 abundant of all the medusae. The number 

 in the Orwell is often most remarkable, so 

 that occasionally there appear to be 100 

 or so in each square yard. I never remem- 

 ber seeing anything like so many in the 

 Stour, Deben, or Aide. Sometimes I have 

 seen specimens in Harwich Harbour i 5 in. 

 in diameter. I have an interesting series of 

 more or less rare abnormal varieties, some of 

 which may be due to injuries when young 



Rhizostoma octopus, Linn. I have never seen this 

 in any of the estuaries of Suffolk, but havs 

 met with a few large individuals in the Wallet, 

 though not so many as farther south-west 



II. CTENOPHORA 



Pkurobrachia pileus, Fleming. Both large and small 

 specimens used to be very abundant in the 

 Stour and Orwell about 1 897, but afterwards 

 seemed to become more and more scarce, 

 and in 1900 and 1901 I obtained very few, 

 though carefully looking for them 



III. ANTHOZOA (Sm Anemones and Corals) 



Akyonium digitatum, Linn. Found off Harwich 

 outside the harbour, but the specimens 

 are small and not common 



Actinoloba dianthus, Ellis. I have often obtained 

 the white and flesh-coloured, but not the 

 dark brown varieties at extreme low water 

 level from the piers at Harwich and Parkston 



Sagartia troghdites. In the Orwell near Pinmill I 

 have often dredged specimens too small for 

 proper identification attached to large indi- 

 viduals o{ Ascidiella aspersa 



I have been informed that this species 

 occurs on the rocks left dry off Felixstowe, 

 but am not sure the identification was 

 correct, and it may be the species just noticed 



Tealia crassicornis, O. F. MuUer. I have collected 

 this many times in the Orwell near Pinmill, 

 and it was very abundant off Harwich at 

 low water level in 190 1. It was also com- 

 mon in the Aide opposite Orford, and may 

 be so now 



Halcampa ckrysantkellum, Gosse. I have occasionally 

 found this in the mud near Pinmill, but not 

 in later years 



IV. NEMERTINEA 



Lineus obscurus, Desor. The only place in which 

 I have found this was in the mud of the 

 Stour near Mistley. It is remarkable for 

 the extent to which it can elongate itself 



Amphiporus kctifloreus, Johnston. I have found 

 only one specimen, which was a good many 

 years ago, in the mud of the Orwell at Pin- 

 mill 



90 



