A HISTORY OF SUFFOLK 



I. POLYCHAETA {con/.) 



Cirratulus cirratus. Mull, {conf.) 



eggs, which hy careful division and counting 

 were estimated at about 600,000, so that it is 

 not difficult to account for increased numbers 



— tentaculatus, Flem. Dr. W. Garstang thought 

 that one of my preserved specimens collected 

 about 1890 belonged to this species, but in 

 1 90 1 I carefully examined many living 

 indiyiduals, and could not convince myself 

 that there was more than one species 



Flabelligera affinis, Sars. About 1890 and earlier 

 this was inconveniently abundant in the 

 Orwell near Pinmill, many objects dredged 

 up being almost covered with it. At the 

 season of reproduction many were seen 

 wriggling about near the surface, and when 

 caught soon deposited eggs, which quickly 

 hatched. In 1899 and 1900 it had become 

 so scarce that I obt.iined few, and in 1 90 1 

 none. I never saw it elsewhere 



Notomastus ktericeus, Sars. Found in sandy mud 

 near low-water level off Harwich, but is 

 apparently not common 



Arenuola marina, Linn. Fine specimens are com- 

 mon in the mud of the Orwell and Stour, 

 but in some of the estuaries only small 

 individuals occur 



Lanke cmchikga. Pall. Fairly common in the mud 

 of the Orwell near low-water level, and 

 probably in many other similar localities 



Denofhilus (?) tieniatiu, Harmer. According to Mr. 

 Harmer this small worm occurs in pools on 

 the shore near Harwich 



Amfhitrite johnstoni, Malmgren. Before 1901 this 

 was not uncommon in the mud of the Or- 

 well, but was then comparatively rare. One 

 kept alive laid eggs, which by careful re- 

 peated division and counting were found to 

 be about two millions in number 



NUoka zostericola, Orst. About 1 890 great num- 

 bers of this chaetapod crept out of the 

 material dredged up in the Orwell near 

 Pinmill, when it was kept in sea-water, but 

 I have not found any since 1 897, when the 

 character of the bottom became so changed 



I. POLYCHAETA {cm.) 



Polycirrus auraittiacus, Grube. I obtained a very 

 fine specimen from the mud at Pinmill, the 

 body of which was scarcely anything but a 

 mass of eggs. In the course of a day when 

 kept in sea-water, the head end free from 

 eggs detached itself, and seemed still as 

 much alive as ever 



Melinna crlstata, Sars. Well-grown specimens were 

 common in the mud of the Deben opposite 

 to Ramsholt, and I have found a few small 

 ones near Pinmill and off Harwich 



Tercbeliides straemii, Sars. The occurrence of this 

 in the mud of the Orwell at Pinmill is of 

 much interest, since it had previously never 

 been obtained in England, and only once in 

 Scotland by Dalyell more than a hundred 

 years ago. About the year 1890 I was able 

 to collect quite a number, but have preserved 

 only four mounted specimens, not then 

 knowing that it was so rare. In 1 90 1 I 

 spent much time in looking for it, but was 

 able to find only one 



Sabelkria spinuksa, Leuck. Large masses of the 

 sandy tubes built by these worms were com- 

 mon outside Harwich Harbour, but since 

 1900 they hare been broken up and almost 

 disappeared 



Sabetla pavonina, Sav. Common in the Orwell at 

 the level of low tide, where dark-coloured 

 specimens are more abundant than in most 

 other localities 



II GEPHYREA 



Priafulus caudatus. In the mud of the Deben near 

 Waldringfrith they were for many years so 

 common near low-water level that I could 

 collect a hundred in a few hours. Many 

 had tails longer than their bodies, and now 

 and then one was found with two tails. At 

 one time large specimens were met with, 

 but after a very cold winter they were com- 

 paratively small. During the summer months, 

 when living on the Deben, I never saw any 

 indication of developed eggs 



VII. ARTHROPODA 



I. COPEPODA 



I had collected many of these, but unfortu- 

 nately the material had been kept too long 

 before it was carefully examined, and had 

 deteriorated too much for the proper identifi- 

 cation of the species. 



II. PANTOPODA (Sm Spiders) 



Pynogmum littorak, StrOm. I do not remember find- 

 ing any in Suffolk, though I can scarcely believe 

 it is absent. At the same time I do not know 

 of any locality similar to that at Burnham in 

 Essex where fine specimens are common 



II. PANTOPODA (fw/.) 



Nymphon rubrum, Hodge. By far the best locality 

 I have ever met with for collecting this 

 animal is in the Deben below Woodbridge. 

 When sunny and the water clear, by stand- 

 ing up in a boat they may be seen swim- 

 ming in a curious sprawling manner, and are 

 easily caught in a sieve fixed to the end of 

 a long stick. The average size is about 

 an inch. I have kept many alive, and it is 

 curious to see how they fold themselves up 

 and lie on the bottom, and when disturbed 

 open themselves out like an umbrella and 

 swim away. 



