CRUSTACEANS 



have ungues of great length, not exceeded by the natatory setae of the antepenultimate joint, 

 but much exceeded by a solitary seta issuing apparently from the proximal part of that joint. 

 This striking feature does not appear to have been recorded by our authorities. Dr. Brady, having 

 kindly examined a specimen, writes : * In comparing my mounted dissections of C. serena, I find 

 that they agree with yours as to setose armature of antennae — one (or two) long setae and a few 

 short ones.' On the caudal rami of these specimens the dorsal seta was not perceived, but is not 

 necessarily absent ; there is a minute seta in front of the ungues, which are strong, unequal, 

 curved at the apex, and the dorsal margin of the rami is finely pectinate. 



The large and common handsomely-coloured Erpelocyprli reptans (Baird) occurs freely at 

 Kirkley Run, Lowestoft. As to Cypris gibba, Ramdohr, it is thought probable that two species have 

 been confounded under one name. These are now called Ilyocypris gibha (Ramdohr), and /. bradyi, 

 Sars, with a reserve in favour of calling the latter /. hiplkata (Koch). Whether Cypridopsis ohesa 

 should retain its generic name or be transferred to Pionocypris, and whether it should be accounted 

 a distinct species or only a variety of C. or P. vidua (O.F.M.), are questions of transcendental 

 learning. C. aculeata should, it seems, be attributed not to Lilljeborg, but to O. G. Costa, who 

 independently and earlier chose the same specific name. To the localities for Candona Candida may 

 be added a broad ditch near Oulton. As to this species, Brady and Norman remark that the 

 ordinary form 'occurs commonly in ponds and ditches; and the variety tumida is most common in 

 rivers and dykes subject to tidal influence, as in the fen district of Norfolk and Suffolk.' " In this 

 genus the second antennae are without a brush of natatory setae, and in fact the animals have no 

 swimming power. Candona kingsleiiy named in honour of the well-known novelist and naturalist, 

 Canon Charles Kingsley, has been transferred to a new genus, Candompsis, by the Hungarian author 

 Vivra.** Candona albicans is now thought not to be an independent species, but to represent the 

 young of C. compressa and probably other species." 



Polycheles stevensoni, after twice lighting upon a preoccupied generic name, is now established as 

 Darwinula stevensoni, in a distinct family Darwinulidae. Brady and Norman say, ' This is perhaps 

 the most characteristic Entomostracan of the East Anglian Fen district, where it is widely spread, 

 and often occurs in considerable abundance.' '"' 



Metacypris cordata hovered at first between the Cyprididae and Cytheridae, but is now settled 

 in the latter family." For the relations between Cythere pellucida, Baird, C. castanea, auctorum, 

 and C. confusa, Brady and Norman, the monograph by the two latter authors should be consulted,'" 

 and similarly for those between C. lutea and C. viridis.*^ C. cicatricosa is insecure ; Loxoconcha elliptica 

 is now regarded as a synonym of L. viridis (O.F.M.) ; Cytherura robertsoni becomes a synonym of 

 C. gibba (O.F.M.) ; C. flavescens of C. sella, Sars, and C. gihba, Brady, of the same author's 

 C. cornuta.** 



Turning from this prolific branch of Suffolk carcinology to the Copepoda, which may be 

 equally abundant, we find the records less ample. It is evident, however, that here as elsewhere 

 the family Cyclopidae, in the tribe Cyclopidea, offers not a few species of Cyclops. This is 

 a genus almost confined to fresh water. It is perplexing by the number and general similarity 

 of the species. The first antennae are to a certain extent helpful by the varying number 

 of the joints. But this character must be used with caution ; for while in adults the number 

 of joints may vary from six to eighteen according to the species, it may vary from five to 

 eleven in juvenile stages of a single species. In Cyclops vernalis, Fischer, the highest number 

 of joints is attained ; but almost all the eighteen except the first are very short, even the 

 two last being of very moderate length. This species, which has been taken at Lowestoft, 

 is called C. elongatus by Claus, and Brady in 1891 uses that name for it. C. albidus (Jurine) 

 has the first antennae 17-jointed. The first, fourth, seventh, and the last three joints are 

 longer than the rest. The terminal joint has a microscopically serrated ridge. In the 

 second antennae the antepenultimate joint is pectinate, and the two following joints are 

 elongate. C. fuscus (Jurine) also has 1 7-jointed first antennae, more slender, and without 

 pectination of the terminal joint ; the antepenultimate joint of the second antennae setulose instead 

 of pectinate, and the penultimate joint not elongate. Both these forms occur at Lowestoft. 

 By Brady they are united as one species under the name C. signatus, Koch. C. viridis 

 (Jurine), also with 17-jointed antennae, for which Brady in 1878 accepted the name C. gigas, 

 Claus, includes both that species and Claus's C. brevicornii. Brady found it plentifully in the 

 Broads of Norfolk and Suffolk.*' C. serrulatus, Fischer, has the antennae 12-jointed. Both 

 sexes were found at Lowestoft. There also a male specimen of C. affinis, Sars, was obtained, 

 agreeing with the figures of the anterior antennae, fifth foot, and caudal ramus given by Brady,*' and 



" Brady and Norman, Trans. Roy. Dubfm Soc. (1889), iv, 99. '» Ibid. (1896), v, 731. 



" Ibid, iv, loi. " Ibid. 122. " Ibid. 123. " Ibid. 126-7. 



«• Ibid. 128, 185, 188. " Ibid. 140, 185, 192. 



" Monograph of Brit. Copepoda (Ray Soc), i, 106. " Ibid. pi. 24B. 



I 161 21 



