A HISTORY OF SUFFOLK 



of double vallum and double fosse, occupying an eminence overlooking the 

 country and the town. Lying so near to the town the growth of buildings 

 and the common rights of pasturage have combined towards its mutilation. 

 One fairly perfect length, at the south-west, has the rampart rising 4 ft. 10 in. 

 with a scarp of 12 ft. The counterscarp is 6 ft. high, and the scarp of the 

 outer vallum is 3 ft., while its counterscarp of 2 ft. 10 in. descends into 

 another shallow fosse ; beyond this is a small piece of an outwork. From this 

 corner the rampart is trodden within 2 ft. of the ground and the fosse is just 

 visible at 9 in. deep, but due west it is in a slightly better condition, where 

 5 ft. 4 in. is the greatest height, and a causeway connecting the two ramparts 

 may be traced. The northern side is the most complete, where there are 

 strong double works, the ramparts rising 9 ft. with the counterscarps 1 2 ft. 

 and 14 ft. respectively; a cart track now occupies the base of the outer fosse. 

 On the eastern and south-eastern sides the inner rampart alone remains, 

 buildings having caused the destruction of the outer works. Two entrances 

 only can be definitely seen, at the northern side near the east and in the 

 eastern side near the south, both of which show a broadened vallum at one 

 side of the entry. 



Fakenham Magna (xxiii, 9). — In Burnthall Plantation, south of 

 Fakenham, 7J miles north-north-cast from Bury St. Edmunds, is a circular 

 stronghold of rampart and fosse. The entrance is on the west, where the 

 northern end of the rampart broadens for the better defence against the ingress 

 of an enemy. 



FiNNiNGHAM (xxxv, 7). — By Stoland Abbey, south of All wood Green, 

 7 miles west-by-south from Eye, is a small circular entrenchment, perfect in 

 shape, consisting of a bold rampart and fosse, with the entrance apparently on 

 the north-west. 



Haverhill (Ixx, 2). — The site of Haverhill Castle, north-west of 

 Haverhill, in the extreme south-western corner of the county, was on high 

 ground commanding an extensive stretch of country. Its south-eastern scarp 

 and fosse were preserved until recently, but now the rectangular site can only 

 be traced by the fencing of the ground, a ditch, and part of the fosse, 1 2 ft. 

 deep, containing water. This bleak position is now occupied by Castle 

 Farm. 



IcKLiNGHAM (xxi, 1 5). — On the western side of the Icknield Way, 4^ 

 miles south-east from Mildenhall, in a field called Camp Close, is a slightly 

 raised plateau with a scarp of 3 ft., representing the site of a camp denuded 

 of its defences. Numerous evidences of early occupation abound in its 

 neighbourhood. 



North Cove (x, 9). — The site of Wathe, or Wade Hall, north-west of 

 Barnby, 3 miles east from Beccles, was upon a circular entrenched position 

 in the midst of marshes. The rampart rises from 2 ft. to 4 ft. in height, 

 and the escarpment attains 10 ft. in some places. On the northern side the 

 rampart has perished and the counterscarp of the fosse — which is 16 ft. wide 

 — varies from 3 ft. to 4 ft. 6 in. ; on the southern side are the remains of a 

 revetment, but the whole work is trodden down by cattle. 



South Elmham St. Cross (xvii, 14). — West of St. Nicholas village and 

 31 miles south-east-by-east from Harleston, is a square camp inclosing about 

 2i acres, within which stand the ruins of the ancient minster. The rampart 



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