INDEX 



Elephant Hawk Moth, mimicry of larva, 



270 

 Elizabeth Peckham, on mimicry of ants by 



spiders, 269 



Embryo, growth of, within egg, 5 

 Emission of offensive fluids by gregarious 



sawflies, 244 

 Epiphytal orchids, 1 50 

 Eristalis, mimicry of, 267 

 Erycinida: mimicking Heliconidac, 259 

 Eumenidae, homes of, 87 

 Euploeas as models for mimicry, 260 

 Exact reproduction of general colours of 



surroundings, 208 

 byCicindela, 208 

 by weevils, 209 

 Excrement of birds, imitation of, by 



caterpillars, 215 

 by mantises, 226 

 by moths, 218 

 by spiders, 226 



Exotic species of Megachile, 84 

 Explanation, an, of sexual difference of 



form and colour, 263 

 of metamorphoses, 30 



External colouring, adaptation of, to con- 

 ditions of life, 204 



External structures implicated in meta- 

 morphoses, 15 



FALSE LEGS, structure of, 16 

 Feeding, capacity of insects for, 6 



insects' time of. 58 

 Female butterflies, more frequently mimetic 



than males, 261 

 Field cricket, home, 108 

 Fleshy projections on larvae, use of, 212. 214 

 Flies, the prey of ant-like spiders, 273 



coarctate state of, 10 

 Florida harvester, 57, 135, 140 

 Food, chief sources of, 34 



from manufactured objects, 36 



insects' means of procuring, 65 

 Forbes, Mr., on resemblance of a spider to 



excreta of birds, 226 

 Foresight of ants, remarkable instance of, 



Formation of homes, a remarkable phase 



of habits of insects, 71 

 Formica ntfcscens, 50 



fuliginosa, 146 



athiopS) 147 



sanguinea, 50 



ftava, 147 



fusca, architecture of, 131 ; mode of 

 heightening habitation, 132 ; Huber 

 on, 132 ; muscular power of, 132 ; 

 preference for southern aspect, 133 



cunicularia, 131 



brunnea, nest of, 128 



elata, 151 



bisj>inosa, 153 



Forms of animal life, more advanced, pro- 

 duced by Old World than New, 164 



Fossorial hymenoptera, 85 

 strange food of young, 85 

 Odynerus, homes of, 86 

 sand-wasps, 87 



Frequency of moults of larva, 7 

 Freshly-formed pupa?, description of, 9 



GAD FLIES, parasitism of, 37 

 Galleridae, caterpillars of, 42 

 Gall flies, or Cynipidae, their habits, 90 

 Gall makers other than Cynipidae, 95 

 Galls, 89, 91 



oak especially subject to, 89, 91 



cherry, 91 



spangle, 92 



currant, 92 



Robin Redbreast's pincushion, 92 



of commerce, 93 



Dead Sea fruits, 94 



oak apples, 91 



Garden Whites, see Pieridae 

 Geometrae, larvae of, special protective 



resemblance of, 210 

 Goat moth caterpillar, increase of, 7 



a burrower into wood, 97 

 Gosse, Mr., on trapdoor spiders, 112 

 Grasshopper, crop in, 22 



mimicry of, 268 



metamorphoses of, 3 

 Great development of thorax, when it 



occurs, 1 8 

 Gregarious habit of caterpillars, itself a 



"warning," 248 

 Gregarious sawflies, emission of offensive 



fluids, 244 

 Guardians of plants, ants as, 149 



H 



HABITATIONS, of solitary larvae, 95 

 simplest form of, 95 

 of solitary insects for young, 73, 89 

 of solitary architects for own use, 72, 



95 Jo? 



Hairs, irritating, of caterpillars, 245 

 Halictus, homes of, 74 

 Harmony of colouring between insects and 



tints of nature, commonness of, 206 

 Harvesting ants, in East, 55 ; record in 



Mishna of, 55 



of Europe, 55, 145; nests of, 145; domes 

 wanting in nests, 145 ; prevention of 

 germination of seeds by, 56 

 in America, 56, 135 ; disks of, 56, 135, 



140 ; harvest fields of, 56, 137 

 Head of insects, made up of segments, 



number of, 19 

 appendages of, 19 

 Heliconidae, similarity to Danaidae, good 



results, 252 



as models for mimicry, 255, 258 

 Heliconoid Danaidte, 252 



