mental shrub on the lawns of souie portion of 

 our cities will show its* presence. The ivy, even, 

 is not. prQof .against ?,t. In San Kfael, San 

 Mateo\ Sruifcu Errbaru aad Los Angelas it is well 

 established. While in San Jose it has not this 

 season caused so great damage as last, yet in the 

 citrus-growing regions it is becoming one of the 

 most serious pests they have to encounter, and 

 it is even stated that, should its ravages not be 



Larvse 



On the Twig. 



Cottony Cushion Scale Icerya Purchasi 



checked, orange and lemon culture will have to 

 be abandoned. 



From the rapid destruction which follows the 

 presence of this scale, it is well that it should 

 be widely recognized, and its first invasion no- 

 ticed and checked. In San Jose, in 1881, it was 

 first noticed in May as the fully developed fe- 

 male, from which the first brood of young then 

 appeared. 



Scale on Fruit and Twig. 



haps the twenty-fifth of an inch in length. The 

 body is pale red; the six legs and two antennae 

 are black. The antenna- are long and club- 

 shaped, and have from six to nine joints, as 

 they are further matured. The antennas are 

 covered with long hairs, which bristle forth 

 prominently. The eyes are small and black. 

 Between the pair of forelegs on the under side 

 of the body is to be seen the beak or sucker, by 

 which the insect secures its nourishment. 



The females partly grown are of a variety of 

 colors, orange red mostly, and spotted over 

 with white and green; some are nearly entirely 

 a dirty white, and many are a pea green. It 

 seems that the coloring matter of the plant they 

 are upon colors them to some extent. Their 

 body is ovoid and elongated and flattened, the 

 back being ridged up with several segments 

 quite prominent. Around the rim of the body 

 are a multitude of hairs, standing out promin- 

 ently. Around the rear half of the body on its 

 rim are a row of tubercles or spinarets, from 

 which a white secretion issues, forming a cot- 

 tony cord, and these placed side by side and the 

 interspace filled up by the same material run- 

 ning lengthwise the body and projecting from 

 it, gives the whole a ribbed, satin-like appear- 

 ance whitish in color. Gradually as the insect 

 matures these projecting ridges approach each 

 other at the ends, and are joined together and 

 curved under slightly at the point, while the 

 sides are at the same time curved under the 

 whole length, and the edges joined together like 

 a flat ribbon- like band, the whole forming, when 

 complete, a soft elastic white sack, the size, 

 and somewhat the shape of a medium sized 

 white bean. The length, when mature, is about 

 three-eighths of an inch; the width one-fifth of 

 an inch. 



Inside the sack are deposited the eggs of the 

 female, among the interstices of a ma^s of cot- 



Ferrmla. 



Male 



Larva- 



SAN JOSE SCALE INSECT-Aspidiotus Perniciosus. 



This present season of 1882 the first young 

 appeared May 25th, the mother insect having 

 gradually matured her eggs from the opening of 

 spring until the young were hatched. The egg 

 of the Icerya is small, pale or orange red, 

 elongated and ovoid. The young just hatched 

 out are very active, and are very minute, per- 



ton-like fiber, which under a high magnifying 

 power is shown to be round, and not more than 

 one-sixth part the thickness of pure cotton 

 fiber, with which it was compared in the same 

 field. This mass of cottony fiber is filled with 

 a great amount of granular matter, for the 

 purpose, it may be, of affording sustenance to 



