130 Glanders. 



nose. An ulcerated state, of the membrane of the nose, has, indeed, 

 been usually deemed, completely decisive of the existence of Glan- 

 ders; and little or no doabt can be entertained of the fact being 

 established, whenever we meet with ulcers in the nose, joined to the 

 other symptoms, which have been detailed. Nevertheless, we 

 oug'ht not to lay too much stress, upon the mere absence of ulcers, 

 since, from the discoveries of the immortal John Hunter, it has 

 been long ago ascertained, that blood vessels have the property of 

 secreting matter from the blood, in cases, where no ulceration or 

 loss of substance in a part, is found to exist. An important and in- 

 va'uable fact this, in medical philosophy at large, and especially so, 

 as it applies to the investigation, of this disease. — If, therefore, we 

 find all the other symptoms of Glanders, without any ulceration 

 in the nose, this latter circumstance ought not to abate our circum- 

 spection, or lull us into security ; not merely, indeed, for the reason 

 which has been adduced, but, because it very frequently happens^ 

 that ulcers do exist in the nose, in such situations, as preclude the 

 possibility of our perceiving them, except on dissection, after death. 

 Next to the Strangles, I have found common colds, likel} to be con- 

 founded with Glanders. The running which takes place from the 

 nose, in this complaint, is the chief cause of the error. But, in 

 this disorder, which usually affects the Horse in the spring of the 

 year, in the manner of an Influenza, and is frequently of an epi- 

 demic kind, the glands under the jaw are generally free from dis- 

 ease, and there is usually present, as in the Strangles, a good deal of 

 heat in the skin, and general fever. Moreover, in the disorder 

 termed a cold in Horses, it will almost always be found, that the 

 animal labours under considerable soreness of the throat, which is 



