It has much the same range as the other, but it blooms 

 in moist soil. 



Unifolium liliaceum may be a distinct species. It is 

 similar and has conspicuously folded leaves, and ranges 

 west from the Black Hills. 



THREE-LEAVED SOLOMON'S SEAL, Vagnera trifolia, is 

 smooth, small and slender, with 2-4 leaves and a few- 

 flowered raceme of larger white flowers. It ranges from 

 Newfoundland, south to Pennsylvania and west to Michi- 

 gan, in bogs and wet woods. 



These plants all flower in May or June. 



PLATE x 



SOLOMON'S SEAL, Polygonatum biftorum. Root. A 

 fleshy rootstock, with round scars from last year's growth. 

 Stem. Simple, arched, 8^-3 high. Leaves. Oval, 

 alternate, woolly beneath. Flowers. Drooping, in 

 clusters of 1-4, from the axils of the leaves, yellowish or 

 greenish-white. Perianth. In one bell-shaped piece, 

 six-toothed. Stamens (a). Six, growing on the peri- 

 anth. Pistil (&). With a head-like stigma. Fruit. 

 A dark blue or black berry. 



The rootstock gives the Solomon's Seal its quaint 

 name ; for the round scars, left from last season's growth, 

 look somewhat like the imprint of a seal. This graceful 

 plant is found in woods from New Brunswick to Florida 

 and west to Michigan. It blooms in spring. 



SMOOTH SOLOMON'S SEAL, P. commutatum (P. gigan- 

 teum}, is similar, but smooth and generally much larger, 

 sometimes reaching 8 in height. The clusters have 

 generally more blossoms. It blooms somewhat later than 

 the other, in moist woods, all over the country. 



CLASPING-LEAVED TWISTED-STALK, Streptopus am- 

 plexifolius, rather resembles the Solomon's Seals. It has 

 a twisted branching stem and alternate, clasping, oval 

 leaves. The flowers are bell-shaped, with separate seg- 

 ments, greenish-white, and droop singly or in pairs, 

 from the axils of the leaves. The fruit is a red berry. 

 It blooms in moist woods, across the continent. 



SESSILE-LEAVED TWISTED-STALK, 5. roseus, is much 

 the same, save that the leaves are not clasping and the 



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