46 



ENTOMOLOGY. 



apparently due in some cases to bacteria, in others to the 

 Jarger fungi. Forbes states that epidemics due to the 

 latter have been noticed among grasshoppers (CEdipoda 

 and Pezotettix); among various noctuid larvae — especially 

 Agrotis segetum in Europe, and some American cut- 



FlG. 40. — Entomophthora rarlicans Brefeld. A, caterpillar of Pieris brassicce 

 killed by it; a, the hyphse growing out from it; B, the same at a later stage; 

 c, cross-section through B — all the soft parts of the caterpillar are replaced by 

 mycelium threads; D. frnit-hyphse; c,thespores; A', single spores: Cr, apiece 

 of the skin, with spores, a, germinating and growing out at c; H. isolated my- 

 celium brandies free swimming in the caterpillar's blood: J. branched my- 

 celial thread; A", resting-spores bearing mycelial threads, a, filled with protO' 

 plasm: at a' empty; at 6 beginning to develop; b', ripe resting-spores; L, 

 ripe resting-spores with a thick skin and fat-drops within.— After Brefeld, 

 from Judeich and Nitsehe. 



worms; among the two European cabbage-worms (Pieris 

 rapce and P. brassicce); among various flies, the common 

 house-fly, blow-flies, Syrphidse, Culex, and even larval 

 (Jhironomus; and, finally, among Coccidae and Aphides 



(A. comi and A. rumicis). 



According to Dr. 



Bail, in the 



