74 ENTOMOLOGY. 



Order VIII. Hemiptera* {Bugs, Plant-lice, etc.). 



While the preceding groups are of limited extent as regards 

 number of species, the one now before us is very rich in this 

 respect. We are now to take into account insects which 

 gain their livelihood by piercing and sucking 

 the sap of plants or the blood, of other insects; 

 and the change in the jaws by which a sucking 

 beak is formed is very curious. 



One can obtain an excellent idea of what a 



bug is by dissecting a common squash-bug 



(Fig. 59). With a lens fixed on a stand, and a 



Fig. 59.— squash- needle mounted in a handle, the student can, 



ug. at. bize. a ^ er a ^ ew trials, dissect the head from the 



body, examine the beak, the wings; separate the thorax 



* Selected Works. 



Amyot, C, and Serville, A. Hemipteres (Paris, 1843). 



Buckton, G. B. Monograph of the British Aphides (Ray Society, 

 i., ii. London, 1876-79). 



Comstock, J. H. Report of U. S. Entomologist (Dept. Agr.) for 

 1879-1881 (Washington, 1880-82). 



Douglas and Scott. British Hemiptera. I. Heteroptera. (Ray So- 

 ciety. London, 1865.) 



Fieber, F. X. European Hemiptera (Vienna, 1861.) (In German.) 



Geise, 0. Mundtheile der Rhynchoten (Archiv f. Nature., xlix 

 315. 1883). 



Glover, T. Manuscript Notes: Hemiptera (Washington, 1876). 



Oestlund, 0. W. Synopsis of the Aphididae of Minnesota (St. Paul, 

 1887). 



Riley and Monell. Notes on Aphidae of the U. S. (Bull. U. S. 

 Geol. Surw, v. Washington, 1879.) 



Thomas, C. Monograph of the Plant-lice (8th Report State Ento- 

 mologist of 111., 1879). 



Uhler, P. R. Monographs of Cydnidae and Saldae [etc.]. (Bull. U. 

 S. Geol. Surv., iii., 1877). 



Check-list of the Hemiptera Heteroptera of North America (Brook- 

 lyn, 1886). 



Walker, F. Catalogue of Ilemiptera-IIeteroptera in British Museum 

 (8 vols and suppl. 1867-74i. 



Witlaczil, E. Die Anatomie der Psylliden (Zeits. f. Wissensch. 

 Zool., Bd. xlii. Wien, 1885). 



Zur Morphologie und Anatomie der Cocciden (Zeits. f. Wis- 

 sensch. Zool. Wien, 1885). 



Also the writings of Ashmead, Comstock, Forbes, Landois, Le 

 Baron, Monell, Osborn, Riley, Say, Thomas, etc. 



