90 



ENTOMOLOGY. 



Order XI. Trichoptera* {Caddis-flies). 



The caddis-flies bear a still closer resemblance to tlie small- 

 er moths than Panorpa, though the larva? are less like cat- 

 erpillars than those of the Mecaptera. The caddis-flies 

 have a small, rounded head which in its general structure, 

 though presenting some notable differences, closely resem- 

 bles that of the smaller moths, even to the obsolete mandi- 

 bles, these insects taking no solid food in the imago state. 

 Hagen states that in Pledrotarsus gravenhorstii the pro- 

 boscis is greatly developed, and in certain other genera 

 is longer than the head and fitted to probe flowers. (In the 

 (Estropsidce the maxillae and labium become aborted dur- 



Fig. 82.— Caddis-fly (enlarged and natural size) and case-worm, a, case. 



ing the pupa state.) The thorax is throughout much like 

 that of the smaller moths, the prothorax being small and 

 collar-like; the metanotum formed on the lepidopterous 



* Selected Works. 



Hagen. H. A. Synopsis of N. A. Neuroptera. 



McLachlan, R. A monographic revision and synopsis of the Trichoptera 



of the European fauna (London, 1874-1880). 

 Muller, F. Ueber die von den Triohopterenlarven dor Provinz Santa 



Catliarina verfertigten Gchituse (Zeits. f. Wissen. Zool., xxxv., 1880). 

 Packard, A. S (External anatomy, in third report U. S. Ent. Comm., 



1883, 344, Pis. LIX, LX1). 



