224 Address to the British Association 



dom, having made it a history of the psychoses of animals. 

 But the activities of plants must not be ignored. A science 

 which should include the impressionability and reactions of 

 a Rhizopod, and exclude the far more striking impression- 

 ability and reactions of Venus's Fly-trap, and of other in- 

 sectivorous plants, the recognised number of which is greatly 

 on the increase, must be a very partial and incomplete 

 science. If Psychology is to be extended (as I think Mr 

 Spencer is most rational in extending it) to the whole animal 

 kingdom, it must be made to include the vegetable kingdom 

 also. Psychology, thus understood, will be conterminous 

 with the whole of Biology, and will embrace one aspect of 

 organic dynamics, while Physiology will embrace the other.^ 



Physiology will be devoted (as it is now) to the study of 

 the activities of tissues, of organs and of functions, per se, 

 such, e.g., as the function of nutrition, as exhibited in all 

 organism from the loAvest plants to man, the functions of 

 respiration, reproduction, irritability, sensation, locomotion, 

 etc., similarly considered, as manifested in the whole series of 

 organic forms in which such powers may show themselves. 



Psychology will be devoted (according to its original 

 conception) to the study of the activities of each hving 

 creature considered as one whole — to the form, modes, and 

 conditions of nutrition and reproduction as they may coexist 

 in any one plant ; to these as they may coexist with sensibility 

 and motility in any kind of animal, and finally to the co- 

 existence of all these with rationality as in man, and to the 

 interactions and conditions of action of all these as existing 

 in him, and here the science which corresponds to the most 

 narrow and restricted sense of the word, psychology, i.e. the 

 subjective psychology of introspection, will find its place. 



Psychology, in the widest sense of the term, in its oldest, 

 and in what I believe will be its ultimate meaning, must 



^ As before pointed out, see ante, vol. i. p. 429. 



