294 ^ Limit to Evolution 



associating to lead to an expectant feeling of the thunder-clap 

 to follow, and the sight of what looks like an orange leads 

 in a thirsty man to an expectant feeling of sweet-juiciness — 

 quite apart from his intellectual perception of the properties 

 of an orange or of the relation between lightning and 

 thunder. This arousing of expectant feelings has a certain 

 analogy with reasoning or inference, although altogether 

 different from it essentially. We may then distinguish this 

 kind of feeling as ' sensuoVyS inference.' 



Another important fact to note is that our feelings, and 

 especially our emotions, may be expressed by external signs, 

 which are so far from being rational and intentional, that we 

 may be unaware of them, or, if aware of them, unable to 

 suppress them. Thus the emotion of terror shows itself by 

 tremblings of hp and limb, a dropping of the jaw, suppressed 

 breathing, a deadly pallor of the face, and staring eyes. 

 With the emotion of anger, the eyes glare, the hands are 

 often clenched and raised, and the lips compressed or possibly 

 distorted in a fierce grin. Such signs and accompanying cries 

 produce sympathetic effects in the beholders, and thus we 

 have an emotional language, expressing merely our feelings, 

 in addition to that power of speech by which we communi- 

 cate our ideas. Moreover, our emotions may thus be so com- 

 municated as to give rise, by sympathy, to similar emotions 

 in others, and this, again, is closely connected with a 

 tendency to imitation we all possess, as to which a few 

 remarks will be made a httle further on. 



Let us now glance at certain sets of bodily motions which 

 correspond with different feelings. How wonderful, when 

 we come to go into it, is the trivial act of a lad throwing a 

 stone at a mark ! What must be the amount of correct co- 

 ordination between a multiplicity of parts and their actions 

 to produce the result I The lad's mind has little to do with 

 it beyond his one impulse to hit the mark. He knows 



