RELIGION AND SCIENCE 257 



evolution as having been exhausted after the far 

 longer period needed to give rise to a coral polyp or 

 a jelly-fish as highest existing types of organism. 

 Even man as a biological species is in his infancy, not 

 to speak of other psychozoic types that may be wait- 

 ing in the womb of time. 



But what are the characteristics of this new phase? 

 In the first place, mind has become self-conscious; 

 thus the evolutionary methods of psychozoic organ- 

 isms may become conscious, and they come to direct 

 their own evolution instead of having their destinies 

 shaped by the blind forces of natural selection. 



In most respects the same direction as before is 

 pursued, but new methods are introduced. The rate 

 of change, of movement in that direction, is acceler- 

 ated; and the possibility is given of eliminating a 

 vast deal of waste. A watchmaker sends out very 

 few defective watches: why? because he makes his 

 watches on a preconceived plan. Even when an 

 improvement in watch construction is introduced, he 

 can draw up his plan beforehand, and at the worst, 

 waste only time and paper, instead of metal and far 

 more time. Ideas do not need to be embodied be- 

 fore selection can act upon them; thus an increasing 

 amount of evolutionary change will take place 

 through the natural selection of ideas than through 

 the older and far more wasteful process, natural se- 

 lection of individuals and species. 



Finally, values appear upon the scene. If we could 

 ask a wild animal such as a fox what gave value to 



