PROGRESS 51 



until there is begun a deliberate biological encourage- 

 ment of new possibilities of intuition, say, or of com- 

 munication between mind and mind. 



As regards the second point, the raising of the 

 average as opposed to the upper level of attainment, 

 not much need be said. That part of our civilization 

 which can be thought of as progressive is largely 

 concerned with this very thing — with making it 

 possible for men to realize in larger measure their 

 inherent possibilities. Further, in so far as there 

 exists selection within the community, it largely, 

 under present conditions, encourages qualities such 

 as intelligence and initiative, which are biologically 

 progressive. And finally, when Eugenics shall be- 

 come practical politics, its action, so far as we can see, 

 will be at first entirely devoted to this raising of the 

 average, by altering the proportion of good and bad 

 stock, and if possible eliminating the lowest strata, 

 in a genetically mixed population.^ 



Since, however, the main stress in human evolution 

 has been upon the community and upon tradition, 

 it is here that we shall expect to find most definite 

 evidences of progress, and it is here that we do in 

 fact find them. 



We have in the first place the increase of the size 

 of units, familiar to us already in lower forms. This, 

 however, is tending to a limit, which will be attained 

 when the present competition of sovereign states has 



* See Whetham, '12 j Castle, '12. 



