BIOLOGY AND SOCIOLOGY loi 



chemistry are basic for biology, but they are not 

 exhaustive. 



In a very similar way, biology is basic for sociology, 

 but again not exhaustive. Certain limits are set to 

 human life through man's organic nature. Certain 

 of his activities can be completely analysed in terms of 

 biology. But other of his activities, especially those 

 concerned with his new type of mental organization, 

 find no counterpart in the rest of the biological 

 kingdoms, and must be studied in and for themselves. 



Bergson would have us believe that evolution is 

 creative. It is better to say, with Lloyd Morgan, 

 that it is emergent. With new degrees of com- 

 plexity, new qualitative differences emerge. Thus 

 the sciences are a hierarchy, the subject-matter of 

 one constituting the foundation for the next in the 

 series. All that biology can do for sociology is to 

 help her to build her foundations solidly and correctly : 

 but we all know that without good foundations no 

 building is safe. 



