2:,o THEORIES OE MIMICRY 



those between forms closely allied. To ihe former 

 examples of Mimicr\ it has heen contended that the 

 Ratesian Thcor\- alone applies. It may he urij^ed on the 

 contrar\- that the resemblances between remote forms 

 have not been as \et sufticiently examined from the 

 Mrilleri.m standpoint ; and that there are, nevertheless, 

 and have been for many )ears. the strongest indications 

 that here also much of the *;roimd formerly believed to 

 be covered b)- the older theory will be foimd to be 

 occupied by the newer. 



The Miillerian Theor)' by no means demands that tlie 

 methods of defence in the members of a convergent group 

 should be tmiform. 



So long ago as 18S7 ' the present writer tabulated the 

 colours and markings of all insects which u\) to that time 

 had been experimental!) j)roved to be s[)eciall) defended, 

 and was enabled to appl\ to the whole group of con- 

 spicuous species which had been tested the explanation 

 offered by Erit/ Miiller.- This general conclusion will be 

 found to be supported by many facts and considerations 

 in the paper referred to. 



A good example is to be found in the reseml)lancc 

 which the black-and- yellow-ringed unpalatable larva of 

 EucJicIiiX jacohacac (the Cinnabar IMoth) bears to a wasp. 

 It is in this case 'more than probal)le (as has been 

 previously suggested by other observers) that the species 

 rendered conspicuous by alternate rings of black and 

 yellow gain great advantages from the justl)' respected 

 appearance of Hornets and \Yas[)s. It must not be 

 forgotten, however, that the latter forms also probably 

 gain to some extent by the greater pul)licit) which follows 

 from the resemblance.'-* 



The attention of those who dwell on the excessive 

 amount of assumption in the theories of Mimicry may be 

 invited to the nimierous tables in the paper quoted above. 

 In these will be found recorded the whole of the results 



' Proc. Zool. Soc, Lofui.^ 1887. pp. 191-274, The Experimental Proof 

 of the Prnteclirc Value of Colour and J\farkings in Insects in reference 

 to their Vertebrate Enemies. 



' I.e. p. 227. '' I.e. pp. 235, 238. 



