468 



ANALYTICAL INDEX 



disbelief in permanence of, 59 ; sub- 

 jective element in describing', 59,60 ; 

 diagnosis of, 60, 65-8 ; interbreedinj^ 

 and, 60 ; structural relationships of, 

 60; syngamic, 60; importance of 

 asyn^'amy in relation to. 60, 65 ; 

 descent from common ancestors and, 

 61 ; synepigonic, 61 ; <;jcograi)hical 

 distribution (Sympatryi and. 62; 

 introduction to discussion of, 63-5 : 

 constancy a criterion o*", 63 ; sterility 

 of hybrids between, 63, 64 ; import- 

 ance of transition in relation to, 64 ; 

 diagnosis of, provisional, 65, 76, T] ; 

 origin by preferential interbreeding 

 of, 65 ; asyngamy the barrier 

 between, 65 ; sterility between, 

 caused by asyngamy, 65 ; objective 

 reality of, 65 ; definition by dia- 

 gnosis of. 65-S ; transition underlying 

 diagnosis, 66 ; the subjective cle- 

 ment in diagnosis, 66, 67 ; only 

 strongly defined varieties, 66; dis- 

 continuity as a test of, 66, 67 ; failure 

 of diagnosis of, 69-76; dimorphism, 

 &c., and, 70-2 ; seasonal dimorphism 

 and, 72-3 ; individual modification 

 and, 73-5 ; geographical races or 

 sub-species and, 75-6 ; results of arti- 

 ficial selection and, 76 ; provisional 

 conclusions of diagnosis of, 76, ']'] ; 

 sterility as test of distinction between, 

 77-So ; sterility between certain 

 artificially selected races, 78-80 ; 

 sterility reduced by domestication, 

 79 ; attempts to produce phy- 

 siological, 79, 80 : sterility between, 

 caused by asyngamy, 80-4 ; by 

 asympatry, 84, 85 ; by mechani- 

 cal incompatibility, 85 ; by sexual 

 selection, 85 8 ; importance of 

 recording captures in coittt^ 87 ; 

 asyngamy from breaking of syngamic 

 chain, 88 ; subordination of the 

 individual to the. 316, 358. 



Specific Stability and Mutation, 

 Sir W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, xxii. 



' Spectacles ' of Cobra, meaning of, 



324- 



Spencer, Herbert, great demands 

 for pre-Cambrian time made by, 7 ; 

 evolution and special creation con- 

 trasted by, 58 ; Lamarck's theory 

 and, 98 ; on survival of the fittest, 

 102. 



Sphex\ stinging ganglia of insect 

 prey, 161 : see also 118, 119, 160-4. 



Spiders, remote ancestor of, 

 Chaetopod-like, 27 ; Carboniferous, 

 40; 'sham death ' of, 323; mimicry 

 of ants by, 252, 253. 253 (Fig. i), 

 368 ; methods by which mimicry of 

 ant is attained by, 252. 253. 253 

 (Fig. i): colour adjustment of dower- 

 haunting, 307 ; courtship of, 380. 



spil/t'ri, PicriSy recent entrance 

 into Xatal of, 52 n. i, 



Spi/osofHd )ncndiiii, 324 ; - urti- 

 cai\ 324. 



Spinalis appears in Tertiary, 42. 



spUndcns and innuada, Isaniia, 

 and other blue Oriental Kuploeas 

 roughly mimicked by diurnal 

 Chalcosiine moths, 376: see also 372. 



Splinter of wood, protective resem- 

 blance to, 319. 



Spolia Zelanica, 300. 



Sponges in classification, 25 ; 

 long persistence with little change 

 of, 28; sea-anemones, Ascidians,and, 

 carried by hermit-crabs, 356, 357. 



Spontaneous tendencies are alone 

 hereditary. J. C. Prichard (1826), 

 183. 



Squirrels, value of tails of, 325 ; 

 mimicked by tree-shrews, 367, 

 367 n. I. 



Stability of Lepidopterous pig- 

 ments and Natural Selection, xlv. 



Stalks, loss of scales by rudi- 

 mentary sockets and, 365-6. 



Standfuss, M., on Melanism, 

 310 n. I ; on seasonal changes of 

 Lepidoptera, 311. 



St. Anne's-on-the-Sea, N. Lanca- 

 shire, C. Bailey's study of ( \ la- 

 vuirckitxua at, xxi. 



Starlings attacking T. pnpuleti 

 larvae, 157 n. i. 



Static conditions, slow colour 

 adjustment a response to, 305-7 ; 

 syncryptic resemblance caused by 

 similarity in, 312. 



Stauropus fai::i^ 253 (Fig. 2), 254, 



369. 



Stems, protective resemblance to, 



299 ; aggressive resemblance to, 



313- 



Stenorrhynchiis pfuilanguim, 313. 



Stkrility as a test ok 

 Species, 11. 77-80: see also 59. 



Sterility hetween Species an 

 incidental consequence of 

 Asyngamy, I L 80-4 : see also 65 ,91. 



