18 THE INTERNAL SECRETIONS—1920 
tative disorder. For the syndrome or complex types 
of a quantitative nature reference should be made to 
the works of Biedl,' Schaefer,? v. Frank]-Hochwart? 
and Falta.t| The clinical picture in those quantitative 
endocrine disturbances will give one the well-recog- 
nized giant, the dwarf, the case of infantilism, Addi- 
son’s disease, and so forth. That is, these quantitative 
types might be placed in the same group of disorders as 
any actually destroyed tissue or function, that of an 
organic or structural inferiority,’ a lack of develop- 
ment (aplasia) or a cessation of function at a time com- 
paratively earlier than the remainder of the body tis- 
sue. In those endocrine disorders, however, of the 
qualitative type the syndromes or symptom-complexes 
will be less marked in direct relation to any endocrine 
gland or group of glands and more marked in relation 
to the vessel tone and its effect upon the whole system. 
It seems, therefore, quite essential to divide the body 
into such components as are involved in the so-called 
symptom-complex mechanisms. The author’s theoret- 
ical and working divisions are the mucocutaneous, the 
cardiovascular, the internal secretory system, the 
autonomic (vegetative) nervous system, the cerebro- 
spinal system; and the three important interrelating 
factors—personality, emotion and environment. 
THE MUCOCUTANEOUS SYSTEM 
If one could estimate theoretically the area of the 
skin it would equal, approximately, three by five feet. 
In addition, there should be considered the length and 
breadth of the gastrointestinal tract from the muco- 
cutaneous junction at the mouth to the mucocutaneous 
junction at the anal opening. 
Histologically the skin and mucous membrane might 
be divided theoretically into three parts, the glandular, 
the vascular and the neuromuscular. In the skin are 
the sebaceous and sudoriparous or sweat glands, the 
