I>"TKODUCTION 7 



(Metric System.) 



1 milligramme = 0*001 gramme = 0-015432 graia 



1 centigramme = 0-01 „ = 0-154323 „ 



1 decigramme = 0*1 „ = 1-543235 „ 



1 gramme = 15-43235 grains 



1 decagramme = 10 grammes = 154-3235 „ 



1 hectogramme = 100 „ = 1543"235 „ 



1 kilogramme = 1,000 „ = 15432-35 



= 2 lb. 3 oz. 119-8 „ 



Measures of Length 



(English System.) 



1 inch = 25-4 millimetres 



1 foot = 12 inches = 304*8 millimetres 



(Metric System.) 



The standard of length is the metre ; subdivisions and multiples of which, 

 with the prefixes milli-, centi-, and deci-, on the one hand, and deca-, hecto-, 

 and Idlo-, on the other, have the same relation to the metre as the subdivi- 

 sions and multiples of the gramme, in the table just given, have to the 

 gramme, thus : . 



1 millimetre = 0001 metre = 0-03937 inch 



1 centimetre = 0-01 „ = 0-3937 „ 



1 decimetre = O'l „ = 3-93707 inches 



1 metre = 39-37079 „ 



Measures of Capacity 



(EngUsh System.) 



1 minim = 0-059 cubic centimetre 



1 fluid drachm = 60 minims = 3-549 cubic centimetres 



1 fluid ounce = 8 fluid drachms = 28-398 „ 



1 pint = 20 fluid ounces = 567-936 



1 gallon = 8 pints = 4-54837 litres 



(Metric System.) 



In the metric system the measmres of capacity are intimately connected 

 with the measures of length ; we thus have cubic millimetres, cubic centi- 

 metres, and so forth. The standard of capacity is the Utre, which is equal to 

 1,000 cubic centimetres ; and each cubic centimetre is the volume of 1 graname 

 of distilled water at 4° C.» 



1 cubic centimetre (generally written c.c.) = 16-931 minims. 



1 Utre = 1,000 c.c. = 1 pint 15 oz. 2 di-s. 11 m. = 35-2154 fluid ounces. 



1 cubic inch = 16-386 c.c. 



THEEMOMETEIC SCALES 



The scale most fi-equently used in this coimtry is the Fahrenheit scale ; 

 in this the freezing-point of water is 3-2°, and the boiling-point 212°. On the 

 Continent the Beaumur scale is largely employed, in which the freezing- 



' 4° C. is the temperature at which water has the greatest density. For prac- 

 tical purposes measures are more often constructed so that a cubic centimetre holds 

 a gramme of water at 16° C, which is about the average temperature of rooms. 

 The true cubic centimetre contains only 0-999 gramme at 16° C. 



