124 ELEMENTS OF PHYSIOLOGY 



8. How many sprained ankles have you known of? 

 Were the sufferers mostly boys or girls ? Why ? 



Most people assume the following rule in selecting a 

 shoe : If you can just draw on a shoe without much effort 



and sit with it on the foot for 

 ten minutes, it will be comfort- 

 able to walk in and wear all day. 

 Yet such a shoe is one size too 

 FIG. n4.-skeieton of F^ol if small for walking. Many mak- 



the child never goes barefooted, ers no longer number their shoes 



the arch is likely to become . 



flattened instead of high. plainly because of the vanity of 



some purchasers. A new shoe 

 should be as comfortable as an old one. 



9. What is the general arrangement of the bones of the 

 foot ? Does the weight of the body come upon the middle 

 of the arch ? How can this arch be injured and what is 

 such a deformity called ? 



10. Why is it that people who grow up in warm climates 

 are more likely to have high arched insteps and elastic 

 feet than those who pass their childhood in cold cli- 

 mates ? 



Persons who, because of silly jokes about big feet or for 

 other reasons, have the idea that the shoe should leave no 

 extra room, but should fit as if it were covering a wooden 

 foot, will always get uncomfortable shoes. 



212. THOUGHT LESSON. Compare the voluntary and 

 involuntary muscles by writing in two columns headed, 

 Voluntary Muscles and Involuntary Muscles, the facts con- 

 cerning their Control, Structure, Color, Position in Body, 

 Attachment, Rate of Contraction, Number of Nuclei, 

 Length of Fibers, Breadth of Fibers, Shape of Fibers. 

 (Place these titles in a third column.) 



213. The Attachment of Muscles. The involuntary 

 muscles are usually tubular or hollow, and surround the 

 internal organs. They are sometimes called the visceral 



