CHAPTER XXIII. 



CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE BLOOD-PLASMA? CO- 

 AGULATION; QUANTITY OF BLOOD; REGENERA- 

 TION AFTER HEMORRHAGE. 



Composition of the Plasma and Corpuscles. Blood (plasma 

 and corpuscles) contains a great variety of substances, as might be 

 inferred from its double relations to the tissues as a source of 

 nutrition and as a means of removing the waste products of their 

 functional activity. The constituents that may be present in 

 normal blood-plasma are in part definitely known and in part 

 entirely unknown from a chemical standpoint. Some idea of the 

 complexity of the composition may be obtained from the following 

 table: 



COMPOSITION OF THE BLOOD-PLASMA. 

 Water, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxid, Nitrogen. 



Proteids 



Extractives, that is, substances other 

 than proteids that may be ex- 

 tracted from the dried residue by 

 water, alcohol, or ether. 



f Fibrinogen. 



, ParaglobuHn { Eug.obul^ 



Serum-albumin. 

 Nucleo-albumin. 

 f Fats. 

 Sugar. 

 Urea. 

 Jecorin. 



Glucuronic acid. 

 Lecithin. 

 Cholesterin 

 Lactic acid. 



Salts 



[ of 



Enzymes and unknowns. 



Sodium. 



Potassium. 



Calcium. 



Magnesium. 



Iron. 



Chlorids 

 Carbonates 

 Sulphates 

 Phosphates 



Internal secretions. 



Enzymes { ^^ etc 



I .Immune bodies (Amboceptors). 

 I Complements. 



A number of detailed chemical analyses of the blood of different 

 animals, so far as its constituents can be determined by analytical 

 methods, have been reported at different times. The following 



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