OLEOMARGARINE. 31 



Mr. MATHEWSON. May I have the privilege of asking the gentleman 

 a question ? 



The CHAIRMAN. Yes, sir. 



Mr. MATHEWSON. He says the only fraud in the question of process 

 butter on the market is that it is not marked or branded. 



Mr. HOARD. No; I did not say so. 



Mr. MATHEWSON. That it is sold for what it is not. 



Mr. HOARD. I say in case it is sold for what it is not is a fraud. 



Mr. MATHEWSON. Is it ever sold for anything else? Can you tell 

 the committee of a case where it is sold for renovated or process butter ? 



Mr. HOARD. I do not know anything about the sale of process but- 

 ter at all, because I have had nothing to do with it. I am simply rea- 

 soning abstractly on the proposition as to wherein the process lies to 

 the extent that the butter fat in process butter is original butter fat 

 and not another kind of animal fat. 



Mr. MATHEWSON. I understand you to state to the committee that 

 the butter fat from which process butter is made is not tainted and is 

 perfectly sweet. 



Mr. HOARD. I did not say that the butter was sweet. 



Mr. MATHEWSON. The butter fat? 



Mr. HOARD. The butter fat, when boiled and clarified. 



Mr. MATHEWSON. How is it clarified ? 



Mr. HOARD. By boiling. It is steamed. 



Mr. MATHEWSON. Are you familiar with the process? 



Mr. HOARD. I am, somewhat. 



Mr. MATHEWSON. And you know that this boiling and steaming 

 absolutely clarifies that fat? 



Mr. HOARD. Certainly; I know that. 



Mr. MATHEWSON. I shall have to differ with you, because I have 

 seen the process time and time again, and I know that that is not the 

 case. 



Mr. HOARD. Very well; I ask for information. What do you know, 

 please ? 



Mr. MATHEWSON. I know that the fat extracted from old butter 

 butter that has become putrid, or strong, or rancid is thoroughly 

 scented with that same odor. No amount of boiling you can boil it 

 from now until doomsday will ever remove that rancid smell. 



Mr. HOARD. What is done to remove it? 



Mr. MATHEWSON. It has to be treated in other ways. 



Mr. HOARD. In what way ? 



Mr. MATHEWSON. There are several ways. I am not a manufacturer 

 of process butter myself, so I do not know, and in such factories as I 

 have been in they have tried, I think, not to let me see the whole 

 process. 



Mr. KNIGHT. If you want information, I am thoroughly familiar 

 with the matter. I have been through the largest factories in the 

 United States, and I know the manufacture of process butter very 

 thoroughly. If the committee want the information, I can give it at 

 any time. 



Senator ALLEN. I would like to have it. 



The CHAIRMAN. I presume that Mr. Gardner may be in some haste 

 to conclude. I suggest that we allow him to proceed. 



Senator HEITFELD. We will be glad to hear Mr. Knight later on. 



Mr. GARDNER. I will endeavor to close my argument as quickly as 



