240 OLEOMARGARINE. 



turers from Chicago could sell their material into the State of Penn- 

 sylvania because it was an original package. Now, if you pass the 

 Wadsworth bill reducing the size of the original packages to 1 and 

 2 pounds, it will simply open wide the door for the sale of oleomar- 

 garine in original packages of 1 or 2 pounds; and no law of any State 

 could interfere with its sale under any circumstances. 



Why, this Wadsworth bill would be vastly more damaging than any 

 legislation that Congress could enact in relation to this subject. It 

 would thoroughly and absolutely establish the oleomargarine trade in 

 this country, and no State could interfere with it in any way whatsoever. 



Mr. KNIGHT. Colored oleomargarine, if you please. 



Mr. KAUFFMAN. Yes; colored oleomargarine. 



Now, gentlemen, let us look at the facts. Who are asking here for 

 the passage of the Grout bill, and who are opposing it? 



The gentlemen on the other side say that we are interfering with 

 their trade. Why, the shoe is just on the other foot. It is the oleo- 

 margarine business that is interfering with the butter trade. The 

 butter trade was here long before the oleomargarine men were here. 

 The butter trade has been here since the country has been here. The 

 oleomargarine interest has only sprung up within the last twenty-five 

 years. It is they who are interfering with the butter trade, not the 

 butter trade interfering with the oleomargarine trade by any means. 



What do we ask? We ask that the Congress of the United States, 

 having recognized oleomargarine as a legitimate article of traffic, shall 

 simply prohibit the sale of a fraudulent article in semblance of butter. 



Who asks for that? The dairymen of the United States. Who are 

 they? The farmers, the creamery men of the United States. What 

 does that interest amount to? Why, 1 have some figures here from 

 the report of the Department of Agriculture for 1899 which show that 

 there were last year 11,000,000 cows in the United States in the dairy 

 industry, and that the product of these 11,000,000 cows amounted, in 

 round numbers, to $500,000,000. 



In my State of Pennsylvania we have a thousand creameries. There 

 are, on an average, a hundred farmers who are the patrons of those 

 creameries, delivering milk to them every day; that means 100,000 

 farmers are interested in the production of butter in my State of Penn- 

 sylvania. These 100,000 farmers added to their fellows all through 

 the United States constitute a vast army of producers asking for the 

 passage of this bill to prevent a fraudulent article from interfering 

 with a legitimate product. 



Now, who is on the other side ? Seventeen manufacturers. 



Mr. KNIGHT. Twenty-six now, Mr. Kauffman. 



Mr. KAUFFMAN. Well, that is under the late law. The last report 

 I had gave the number as IT. 



Mr. JELKE. Allow me to correct you, Mr. Knight. There were 27 

 the 30th of last June, and there are now more I do not know how 

 many more. 



Mr. KAUFFMAN. Well, I will take the best statement for them. 

 They can make it 27, or, say, 30. Suppose there are 30 men with 

 unlimited capital, largely confined, three-quarters of them, to the cat- 

 tle slaughterers of the West. These few men, as against the great army 

 of producers I have named, come to you and ask you for protection 

 for a counterfeit article. That is all there is to it. We say that men 

 are worth more than money. We say that this great army of pro- 



