OLEOMARGARINE. 241 



ducers through the United States is more to be considered than accu- 

 mulated capital in the hands of a few men. We say that these producers 

 of the genuine article have a right to protection against a fraud which 

 seeks to dig away the very foundation of legitimate traffic. 



Let us look at this thing for one moment. Counterfeit money is manu- 

 factured in this country. It is a counterfeit. It employs labor; it 

 employs paper; it employs ink; it employs presses to manufacture it; 

 and as far as the money is concerned, if the man who gets it believes 

 it ie genuine, it is just as good as good money. If you get a counter- 

 feit ten-dollar bill, and you can buy something with it or pay a debt 

 with it, it is just as good as genuine money. It is good until it is 

 found out that it is not genuine money; and the moment it is found 

 out that it is counterfeit, then it ceases to be good. 



Suppose the counterfeiters of this country should so increase their 

 business, by reason of capital, that they should come to this Congress 

 and say : ' 4 We demand protection, because we have got money invested 

 in this thing and it is profitable. We are employing so many men; 

 we are using so much manufactured paper; we use so much ink; we 

 use so many presses, and we demand protection for counterfeit money 

 because there is money in it." 



That is the only reason oleomargarine manufacturers can come here 

 and demand protection for a fraud, because there is money in it. Now, 

 it is not right. All the butter producers of this country want is pro- 

 tection against a fraud. That is all. 



Now, Mr. Chairman, you have heard this morning about oleomarga- 

 rine being healthful. We say that that question is in doubt; but we 

 do say that if any man believes it to be healthful, and wants to buy 

 oleomargarine and use it, believing it to be healthful, he ought to have 

 a right to do it; but as to its being healthful, that is a question in doubt. 

 Will you pardon me for a moment if I read to you from a Government 

 authority as to that, because you must understand just what this prod- 

 uct is. Permit me to read to you from this Government report : 



[At this point Mr. Kauffman read from a paper on u Butter substi- 

 tutes," by E. A. De Schweinitz, of the Biochemic Laboratory, Bureau 

 of Animal Industry, the same being reprinted from the Yearbook of 

 the United States Department of Agriculture for 1895.] 



"The point next to be considered is the possibility of the transmis- 

 sion of infectious diseases by oleomargarine made from impure mate- 

 rials. That such can occur is undoubtedly true. A comparison of the 

 germs present in oleomargarine and butter showed three times as 

 many in the one as in the other, with a difference in the character of 

 the germs. The germs in the butter were the harmless ones found in 

 milk and necessary for the production of a good butter. Those in the 

 oleomargarine were fungi and numerous varieties of bacteria. 



"The writer has made a number of inoculation experiments upon 

 guinea pigs with different samples of oleomargarine. The samples 

 were purchased in open market, near the places where they were 

 manufactured. Sample No. 3 (102) proved fatal, causing the death of 

 the animal in the one instance in two months, in the other in two 

 weeks. An examination showed the lungs congested, the liver soft 

 and pale, one of the kidneys badly congested, and five distinct ulcers 

 in the intestines like typhoid-fever ulcers. The bladder was distended 

 and urine albuminous. At the present writing the nature of this dis- 

 ease has not been determined, but the fatal effects were produced by the 



S. Rep. 2043 16 



