OLEOMARGARINE. 459 



Senator ALLEN. As one member of the committee, I entirely agree 

 with you upon that proposition. 



Mr. MILLER. Does he not refer to the tax upon agriculture from 

 imported goods, not the section from home industries? 



Mr. HEWES. Suppose he does. He does not want colored oleomar- 

 garine to come in there and interfere with agriculture in that country. 



This is our bill. This is the bill of the dairy interests of this coun- 

 try. This is the bill to amend the biJl we originally brought here. We 

 ask for its consideration. We do not ask you not to listen to these 

 antagonistic interests on the other side. We are liberal people. We 

 presume they have to come here and speak for their pockets; but is it 

 not asking too much to ask you to make secondary the great industry 

 of the country that these few, these seventeen or twenty-seven manu- 

 facturers of oleomargarine, may thrive upon the fraudulent article they 

 are producing? I say it is prsposterous and yet we are willing to sit 

 and listen to them; to listen to whatever they have to say; to listen to 

 their legal representatives, and have you listen to them. 



Senator ALLEN. We must do that. 



Mr. HEWES. You must do that. You can not help it. But we do say 

 this: Admitting, or, as we say at law, demurring to their evidence, then 

 what have we? We have 60,000,000 people in the United States who 

 say, u Pass the Grout bill." They have, to give them the most liberal 

 construction, about 14,000,000 people who are oleomargarine people, or 

 their friends are people who want oleomargarine, and they say. "Do 

 not pass it." What is this committee here for? What is this Congress 

 here for? To listen to the will of the people, to be governed by the will 

 of the people; and when sixty million appear against ten, what is your 

 duty? Your duty is to listen to the sixty million. 



Senator ALLEN. Suppose the 60,000,000 people, in the judgment of a 

 Senator, were wrong, would you insist that he should follow out their 

 wishes? 



Mr. HEWES. Is the Senator to sit in judgment against 60,000,000 

 people? 



Senator ALLEN. He must sit in judgment. His final judgment upon 

 the correctness of a thing after he hears it must be his sole guide. 



Mr. HEWES. Then he must do as his heart prompts him. 



Senator ALLEN. Very well. That is what he should do. 



Mr. HEWES. If the Senator says that 60,000,000 people are wrong 



Senator ALLEN. Suppose my people instructed me to vote for this 

 bill or against it. 



Mr. HEWES. You would not heed them. 



Senator ALLEN. Suppose my conviction was contrary to their will? 



Mr. HEWES. You would be guided by your conviction. 



Senator ALLEN. Would it not be my duty as an officer to follow out 

 my best judgment? 



Mr. HEWES. I would, and I would tell my constituents if they did 

 not like my action they could ask for my withdrawal, and I would 

 resign. 



Senator DOLLIVER. Or would you seek some method by which to 

 compromise the thing? 



Mr. HEWES. 1 would not. There is no compromise possible. 



Let me get back now where I started. 



Mr. MILLER. Referring to the enforcement of these laws in foreign 

 countries, is it not a fact that the word " margarine" is printed on the 

 manufacturers' original package and that the retail dealer does not 

 brand the package at all when he sells it? 



