And ye 



t~.li A sii.rr 



OLEOMAKGAKINE. 463 



And yet I have 21 packages gotten by 21 different people, all wrapped 

 the same as that from that party, and William J. Moxley defends him 

 every time anybody attempts to prosecute him, and one of his men is 

 here spoken of as a witness in the case where the food commission has 

 prosecuted that man and endeavored to convict him. 



What are the facts in the case? Two inspectors of the food depart- 

 ment went and purchased samples of that stuff as butter and for butter. 

 He sold it that way. They went into court and made an affidavit as to 

 what they had bought it for and where they bought it. He brought 

 three witnesses to swear that they called for oleomargarine, and that 

 he gave them oleomargarine, all properly stamped. That is the way 

 they do business in Chicago. 



Now, going back to where we started, I want to give you a little bit 

 of history of local conditions. There are produced in Chicago 46,500,000 

 of the 107,000,000 pounds of oleomargarine made in the United States. 



Senator DOLLIVER. How do you get at the 107,000,000? 



Mr. KNIGHT. Why, from the last report of the Internal Eevenue 

 Commissioner. 



Senator DOLLIVER. The Secretary of Agriculture seemed to state 

 it at less than that. 



Mr. KNIGHT. He was a year behind. 



In the State of Illinois, and pretty near all of that is in the northern 

 district, there are 2,691 of the 9,000 dealers in the United States. Of 

 the 9,068 retail dealers doing business in the United States for the year 

 ending July 1 last, 7,073 were violating the various anticolor laws of 

 the United States and 1,995 were doing business as permitted by the 

 laws. Of the 107,000,000 pounds of oleomargarine produced in the 

 United States for the year ending July 1, 1900, 66,820,196 pounds were 

 produced in States which prohibit the manufacture and sale of colored 

 oleomargarine, and 40,240,859 pounds were produced in those States 

 which permit such production. 



But to go on with my little story. Here is another package which I 

 bought at No. 65 Eandolph street, personally. I went in and said to 

 the man, "I want some creamery butter." He said, u We have no cream- 

 ery butter; we have dairy." I said, "All right; I will take some dairy. 

 How much is it? 7 He said, "Nineteen cents." Senator, you will find 

 a little faint attempt there to make a mark on that. I have found it, 

 but nobody else would. I said to him, "Look here; this is not dairy 

 butter." 



Senator ALLEN. What does that [indicating] signify? 



Mr. KNIGHT. That is the Government stamp. I said, " What is this? 

 This is stamped oleomargarine. I do not want oleomargarine." He 

 said " I will tell you. This is dairy butter. We have to stamp it oleo- 

 margarine, because it is dairy butter in which a little tallow has been 

 mixed, and when there is any tallow mixed with it we have got to mark 

 it oleomargarine, but it is mostly butter." That is the way he puts 

 people oft when they go to him and call him down in the matter. 



Here is another package that was bought at a place called the Madi- 

 son butter store, at 25 cents a pound. They call it Price & Keith's 

 creamery butter. Price & Keith is a butter firm that has gone out of 

 existence, and they have adopted the name and put it on oleomargarine. 

 This man, as are most of the others, is under indictment there in Chi- 

 cago and their cases will probably never come to trial. His clerk 

 admitted to me that she was instructed by her employer that when 

 anybody came in and asked for oleomargarine, to go and show them a 

 little package of 3 pounds of butter that they had had in the store 



