464 OLEOMAKGAKINE. 



for about a year, and that was rancid, and tell them that was oleo- 

 margarine. Then of course they did not want oleomargarine, and she 

 would turn around and sell them that oleomargarine, which was really 

 oleomargarine, at 25 cents a pound, as butter. 



Here is the Cold Springs Creamery, No. 72 Eandolph street. The 

 price does not seem to be on there at all. 



Now to come back to what I started out with. I have got here a 

 package which I purchased in the markets in this city; and I want to 

 say to Senator Heitfeld about this market that the management of it 

 itself looks after it and sees that the people who are trading there are 

 not deceived or defrauded. That is one reason why there is not any 

 fraud in the market down there. Here is a piece of oleomargarine I 

 bought from Wilkius down here this morning; and I am going to put 

 that in our test tube here, and show you what oleomargarine melts like, 

 if I can get my apparatus together. That is oleomargarine, and I am 

 going to mark it on the top "O." If anybody has any doubts about it 

 they can have it sent out and have it analyzed, or I will leave it here 

 with the committee if that question is raised. I also have here some 

 pure butter something that I believe to be pure. 



Senator HEITFELD. Are you sure about it? 



Mr. KNIGHT. Yes; I will show you whether it is or not in a minute. 

 I am going to put that in a tube with a black cork. 



(Mr. Knight then put some samples from the different packages that 

 he had exhibited into test tubes, corked .up, and he put the test tubes 

 in a bucket containing warm water.) 



Mr. JELKE. Have you any process butter? 



Mr. KNIGHT. I think it might be possible to get some in Washington ; 

 I do not know. 



Now 1 want to open these packages, and see whether there are any 

 concealed marks about them. They were all bought as butter. Ah, 

 there it is. It is turned under and concealed. I just want to show you 

 how the thing is done. If there are any upon which we do not find the 

 marks, I will put them in that test. 



Now, here is another trick using a colored paper so that the stencil 

 will not show. These samples were bought from the stores as I came 

 to them. Inasmuch as there is no mark on this one [indicating] I will 

 put that in the tube, but, gentlemen, I am coming to the most interest- 

 ing part of this programme later on, when it comes to speaking of the 

 violation of the law. To my positive knowledge, of eight stores on 

 Fifth avenue six of them are selling oleomargarine for butter. There 

 is not a store on Fifth avenue that is selling anything but oleomar- 

 garine, and there is not one of them that is selling it for anything but 

 butter. There, gentlemen, is what they use as a handle [indicating] 

 That comes from the Madison butter store. 



Senator ALLEN. Do they put the handles around these little packages? 



Mr. KNIGHT. Yes; or if you take a larger one. They do not handle 

 a pound of butter. Here is a package from Hughes & Schick. Let us 

 look at that. (The package was opened by Senator Allen.) The cheap- 

 est kind of brown paper is used, so that nobody will ever, expect to use 

 it for anything else, so that when it is taken off it will be thrown aside 

 always. 



I sent last year a detective to seventy-eight places and got samples, 

 and seventy- two of them we found to be oleomargarine, all sold as but- 

 ter. I had my attorney send out this letter : 



