OLEOMAKGARINE. 479 



Cleveland matter. Are you aware of the fact that the Building Trades 

 Council of Cleveland passed a resolution- 

 Mr. KNIGHT. I don't know anything about it except what I stated. 

 I told all I kneT. If you have any information about it you might- 

 state it to the committee. 



Senator ALLEN. I suggest that we adjourn until half past 10 to-mor- 

 row morning. 



Mr. McNAMEE. Mr. Chairman, before the committee adjourns I desire 

 to say that I am a traveling salesman for a business firm in Cincinnati, 

 and that I am here on private business. Ifit were not for that I should 

 not be here. 



Senator HANSBKOUGH. That is sufficient. 



Mr. KNIGHT. That is all right. We understand each other, I guess. 

 The committee (at 5.15 p. m.) adjourned until Friday, January 11. 

 1901, at 10.30 a. m. 



WASHINGTON, D. C., Friday, January 11, 1901. 



The committee met at 10.30 o'clock a. m. 



Present: Senators Foster (acting chairman), Money, and Dolliver. 

 Also, Hon. W. J. Bailey, a member of the House of Representatives ; 

 Charles E. Schell, representing the Ohio Butterine Company, of Cin- 

 cinnati, Ohio; W. E. Miller, representing Armour & Co., Kansas City, 

 Mo. ; John F. Jelke, representing Braun & Fitts, Chicago, 111., and 

 others. 



CONTINUATION OF STATEMENT OF CHARLES. Y. KNIGHT. 



Mr. KNIGHT. Mr. Chairman and Senators, the first thing that I 

 want to do this morning is to comment on this color question. Why 

 do we color butter and why not color oleomargarine? And 1 want to 

 speak relative to the claim of the oleomargarine people to have origi- 

 nated the color that is used, and to say something about the natural 

 color of butter. 



It is conceded by everybody that the natural color of butter varies 

 at different seasons of the year, under different conditions of feed and 

 pasture, and in different breeds of cattle or cows. So how are we to 

 determine whether or not butter is naturally yellow, and how long it is 

 yellow, and how yellow it is? 



The report of the Secretary of the Treasury on what is known as the 

 Tawney resolution, calling for the ingredients used in the making of 

 oleomargarine, for the fiscal year 1898-99 showed that there were used, 

 in 83,000,000 pounds of oleomargarine, 148,500 pounds of coloring mat- 

 ter. Figuring that by the gallon, it takes 240 some odd gallons to the 

 million pounds of oleomargarine to bring it up to the standard color, 

 which is the same as that of butter. 



I went to the leading creameryman of the United States just before 

 I left Chicago. He is the head of a concern which makes several mil- 

 lion pounds of butter a year. I asked him to give me a statement of 

 the quantity of butter color used in a million pounds (taken the season 

 over) of their butter to bring it up to the standard color. He got the 

 statement from his books of the amount of butter color used last year, 

 and showed it to have been 70 gallons per million pounds of butter. 

 So the difference between the color of butter, naturally, and the color 

 of oleomargarine, naturally, is as the difference between 70 gallons of 



