510 OLEOMARGARINE. 



her house, and who had such lovely butter, and all that. My wife said : 

 " Well, I don't know that that butter is any better than ours ; " and 

 when my mother-in-law would come over occasionally and have a meal 

 with us, she would eat some of the butter that we had. My wife did 

 not detail to her the fact that it was butterine. After quite a length 

 of time the old lady said: "Carrie, that is good butter that you have 

 got. I don't know but what it is as good as mine." u Well, mamma," 

 said she, "that isn't butter; it is the butterine you hate so much." 

 [Laughter.] 



Senator DOLLIVER. Do you regard that as a fair deal with the old 

 lady? [Laughter.] 



Mr. McNAMEE. Well, I will tell you, Senator. I don't know how fair 

 it may have been to my mother-in-law; but I do know that it is a 

 demonstration of the fact that after all there is not much of any dif- 

 ference between butter and butterine. Now, if one is as nutritious as the 

 other, and one exists as a competitor of the other, to keep these big 

 monopolies from cornering the butter market, why not let them both 

 alone? 



Senator MONEY. Senator Allen's testimony stands for all that. He 

 ate it all the winter and did not know the difference. 



I want to ask a question. The secretary of the Knights of Labor 

 has told me that his organization was very much opposed to this bill. 

 They want butterine and oleomargarine, if they choose to buy them. 

 Doyouknow anything about any resolutions passed by that organization? 



Mr. McNAMEE. The Knights of Labor? 



Senator MONEY. Yes. 



Mr. McN-AMEE. No, Senator. I simply refer to the Ohio Federation 

 of Labor. But it is a sentiment that is instinctive with labor all over 

 the country everywhere. It is instinctive. 



(The committee thereupon took a recess until 2.30 p. m.) 



At the expiration of the recess the committee resumed its session. 



The ACTING CHAIRMAN (Senator Hansbrough). The committee will 

 come to order. 



Senator ALLEN. There has been considerable discussion here about 

 "oleo oil." Will some one of the gentlemen present tell us what it is? 



Mr. MILLER. Oleo oil is made from the caul fat of the beef. When 

 a steer is killed it is cut open and this fat is taken oif this yellow fat 

 that lies under the stomach of the steer. 



Senator ALLEN. About how much of that fat do you get from the 

 steer? 



Mr. MILLER. We get about 40 pounds from the steer. That fat is put 

 into water that is partially chilled by ice. It stays in there until the 

 animal heat is eliminated. Then it is thoroughly washed. Then it is 

 put in tanks and heated to a temperature -of about 155 to 160 Fahr- 

 enheit. Then they take a cloth about the size of a large towel, and it 

 is put in that cloth. Each side of the cloth is thrown over this way 

 [indicating]. Between each two cloths, of course, there is a sheet of 

 tin. Then it is put in a large press and pressed, and the oil comes 

 out. That is oleo oil, and the residue is stearin. The stearin is not 

 used in the manufacture of butteriue, but it is used with oils, wax, and 

 various other things. While Professor Wiley said there was stearin 

 in butterine, that is true; but it is the body of all oil. Take a bottle of 

 cotton-seed oil and let it stand until to-morrow morning, and there will 

 be a lot of sediment at the bottom ; that sediment is nothing but the 

 stearin. 



Senator HANSBROUGH. Where does paraffin come from? 



