108 ANIMAL PAKASITES. 



The following names are given to it in common with Bothrio- 

 cephalus latus and Taenia mediocanellata : le Yer Plat ; Tape- 

 worm ; Jointed worm; Bandelorm ; Brinicke-mask ; Lingditg 

 (Turmale, in Africa) ; Kosso (Abyssinia). 



The worm presents five known steps of development, which we 

 have not exactly separated in the special description, but will 

 mention here : 1, the sexual animal = proglottis ; 2, the grand- 

 nurse = six-hooked embryo ; 3, the resting scolex Cysticercus 

 celluloses in the parenchyma, areolar tissue, and cavities of the 

 body ; 4, the active scolex = nurs^e, that is, the Cysticercus cel- 

 lulosce, which will become a Tcenia solium in the intestine ; and 5, 

 the strobila, the series of segments of Tcenia solium produced by 

 gemmation from 4 = Tcenia solium. 



A. Tcenia matura. 



That the name of Tcenia solium has been incorrectly applied to 

 this worm, which so very frequently occurs in society, we have long 

 been convinced. I have very frequently seen expelled 2 3 from 

 one person ; my colleague, Dr. Pfaff, 7 ; Madame Heller, 30 ; and 

 Dr. Kleefeld, of Gorlitz, once counted 40 worms expelled from 

 one patient ; and I have found 10 in a criminal (vide infra, where 

 the reasons for the companionship of these worms will be found). 



The Strobila Head: Although this varies somewhat in size, 

 it is rarely larger than the head of a common pin. It bears 

 a tolerably abundant, dingy, blackish-brown pigment, which is 

 deposited in particular abundance around the base of the short 

 rostellum, and in the sacs round the stalks of the hooks ; after 

 this, it is in the greatest quantity on and around the sucking 

 discs, decreases in density and intensity of colour posteriorly, 

 and terminates in an undulated, pretty clear line between the 

 head and neck. I saw this pigment in great abundance, and 

 very black, in two Tcenice expelled by M. Rose, in Genadedal, at 

 the Cape of Good Hope, and which he sent to me. It pene- 



were brought, in order that he might insert them into him, so that the worm (or worms) 

 might gnaw these instead of him, and he might thus obtain a little rest. When these 

 were again drawn out, they were all gnawed to pieces by the worm, and new ones were 

 then applied to the anus. The worms, however, did not cease to gnaw until his genitals 

 fell off, and he in consequence died." The case undoubtedly refers to a cancer of the 

 rectum in a patient, who at the same time suffered from tape-worm, and is interesting 

 even on account of this complication. 



