142 ANIMAL PARASITES. 



evident small size, I have been induced to express the opinion 

 that this worm might be a Tania Echinococcus. It is to be hoped 

 that we shall soon see whether this Tcenia be anything like T. 

 Echinococcus altricipariens. 



PHENOMENOLOGY AND DIAGNOSIS 



Of all the mature Cestoidea occurring in the human intestine } both 

 Bothriocephali and Tsenire. 



Of the symptoms produced by Tcenia nana we know nothing, 

 but in general the larger Cestoidea inhabiting the human intestine 

 agree in the following particulars. 



The stronger an individual is in himself, the less the irritability 

 of his nervous system, the fresher his colour, the more regular 

 his appetite and nourishment, the better his food, and the less he 

 is inclined to diarrhoea ; in one word, the less tendency he has 

 to chlorotic phenomena the less does he complain of his symptoms 

 when he suffers from tape- worm. It has been universally 

 attempted to attach the greatest importance to the accom- 

 panying chlorotic symptoms, which are only increased in pejora 

 by the great consumption of food on the part of the tape- 

 worm, or to suppose that, by the great appetite of the tape- 

 worm for proteinic substances, calcareous salts and fat, chlorosis 

 itself may be produced. According to the degree of this 

 chlorosis, the more will the patient complain. Seeger gives 

 the following statement with regard to the frequency of particular 

 symptoms from a statistical table of 100 patients with tape-worms. 

 Sixty-eight times there were cerebro-spinal affections and partial 

 or general convulsions (for example, epilepsy, hysteria, melancholy, 

 hypochondria, abdominal spasms, dyspnoea, and convulsive 

 coughing) which may even rise to maniacal attacks and mental 

 weakness ; forty-nine times nausea even with vomiting and 

 fainting ; forty-two times various pains in the abdomen ; thirty- 

 three times disordered digestion and irregular evacuations; thirty- 

 one times irregular appetite and voracity ; nineteen times 

 periodical, habitual headache, usually on one side ; seventeen times 

 sudden colic ; sixteen times undulatory movements in the abdomen 

 up to the chest ; fifteen times dizziness or delusions in the senses 



