METHOD WITH KOUSSO. 161 



I saw the worm passed up to the neck in the morning, but the 

 head was expelled only after the patient had,, of his own accord, 

 at once taken a second dose of Kousso, and thus brought upon 

 himself no slight pains in the bowels. 



Very recently, Professor Martius, of Erlangen, and Professor 

 Von Raimann, of Vienna, have done particularly good service with 

 regard to the mode of employing Kousso. According to Martius, 

 the powder of Kousso always killed the worm, but in no case did 

 the head pass away. He therefore endeavoured to isolate the 

 active constituents of the resin. A red resin obtained from 

 Kousso had no action. It was otherwise with a soft resin of the 

 Kousso, of which 9ij were obtained from 5vj of Kousso, but in 

 which there was certainly still some red resin and a waxy sub- 

 stance. This soft resin, or, more correctly, resinous mixture, was 

 dissolved in alcohol at 36 R. (= 113" F.), and filtered- the 

 alcoholic solution was dropped upon sugar. As soon as the 

 alcohol was evaporated, the solution was again poured upon the 

 sugar, the whole was well dried, and reduced with sugar to the 

 finest powder, sugar being added until with 3ij of soft resin the 

 whole quantity weighed 5 SS * This very finely divided resin was 

 mixed with ^j of honey, and the whole administered in a period 

 of twelve to sixteen hours, commencing at four o'clock in the 

 afternoon. The next morning an aperient was given (castor oil 

 or a salt). In this way, with this resin most kindly sent to me 

 by Martius, I treated three patients in September, 1854 ; one of 

 them being a very weakly boy of 14 years old. In all three 

 cases the worm was expelled up to the neck, but in such a frag- 

 mentary condition that it was impossible to find the head. This 

 will be the more easy to believe when I mention that the smallest 

 of the expelled fragments towards the neck were scarcely two 

 to three lines in length. One of the patients again passed 

 segments of tape-worms at the end of December. 



Perhaps the more favorable result depends upon some small 

 practical precaution, of which I am not yet aware ; but although 

 I must admit the efficacy of the remedy, and the more willingly 

 from the ease with which Martius's resin is taken and endured 

 as I have never seen any bad secondary effects, at the same 

 time, the extremely fragmentary state in which the worm passes 

 prevents me from giving the remedy a preference over turpentine 

 and pomegranate root. Quite recently, Professor Raimann, of 

 Vienna, has employed the following method : $vj of Kousso are 



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